From the Utah Tech University, Department of Accounting, Finance, and Data Analytics, St. George, UT (KS), Robert Graham Center for Policy Studies, Washington, DC (YJ), Michigan State University, Department of Family Medicine, Lansing, MI (JP), American Board of Family Medicine, Lexington, KY (SF, LEP), University of Kentucky, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Lexington, KY (LEP).
J Am Board Fam Med. 2024 Mar-Apr;37(2):270-278. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2023.230218R1.
Numerous studies have documented salary differences between male and female physicians. For many specialties, this wage gap has been explored by controlling for measurable factors that influence pay such as productivity, work-life balance, and practice patterns. In family medicine where practice activities differ widely between physicians, it is important to understand what measurable factors may be contributing to the gender wage gap, so that employers and policymakers and can address unjust disparities.
We used data from the 2017 to 2020 American Board of Family Medicine (ABFM) National Graduate Survey (NGS) which is administered to family physicians 3 years after residency (n = 8608; response rate = 63.9%, 56.2% female). The survey collects clinical income and practice patterns. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed, which included variables on hours worked, degree type, principal professional activity, rural/urban, and region.
Although early-career family physician incomes averaged $225,278, female respondents reported incomes that were $43,566 (17%) lower than those of male respondents (). Generally, female respondents tended toward lower-earning principal professional activities and US regions; worked fewer hours (2.9 per week); and tended to work more frequently in urban settings. However, in adjusted models, this gap in income only fell to $31,804 (13% lower than male respondents, ).
Even after controlling for measurable factors such as hours worked, degree type, principal professional activity, population density, and region, a significant wage gap persists. Interventions should be taken to eliminate gender bias in wage determinations for family physicians.
许多研究都记录了男女医生之间的薪酬差异。对于许多专业来说，已经通过控制影响薪酬的可衡量因素（如生产力、工作生活平衡和实践模式）来探索这种工资差距。在家庭医学中，医生的实践活动差异很大，了解哪些可衡量的因素可能导致性别工资差距是很重要的，这样雇主、政策制定者和可以解决不公平的差距。
我们使用了 2017 年至 2020 年美国家庭医学委员会（ABFM）国家研究生调查（NGS）的数据，该调查在住院医师培训结束后 3 年（n = 8608；响应率= 63.9%，女性占 56.2%）对家庭医生进行。该调查收集了临床收入和实践模式数据。进行了多线性回归分析，其中包括工作时间、学位类型、主要专业活动、城乡和地区等变量。
尽管初级家庭医生的收入平均为 225278 美元，但女性受访者的收入比男性受访者低 43566 美元（17%）。一般来说，女性受访者倾向于从事收入较低的主要专业活动和美国的地区；工作时间较少（每周 2.9 小时）；并且倾向于在城市环境中更频繁地工作。然而，在调整后的模型中，这一收入差距仅缩小至 31804 美元（比男性受访者低 13%，）。
即使控制了工作时间、学位类型、主要专业活动、人口密度和地区等可衡量因素，仍然存在显著的工资差距。应采取干预措施，消除家庭医生薪酬确定中的性别偏见。
