Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 May 13;24(1):559. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-04337-z.
BACKGROUND: Many recent studies suggest the existence of a relationship between oral health and the occurrence of depressive symptoms. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the number of lost teeth and the occurrence of depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults. METHODS: An analysis was performed on the data obtained from the PONS project (POlish-Norwegian Study), conducted in the Świętokrzyskie Province in Poland in 2010-2011. The research material included the cross-sectional data of 11,901 individuals aged 40-64 years (7967 women). Depressive symptoms, used as outcome variables, were assessed with a questionnaire. The participants provided the responses to questions concerning the occurrence of eight symptoms over the last 12 months. The answers were scored as 1 point or 0 points. The participants were divided into three tercile groups based on their total scores: no or mild (0-2 points), moderate (3-5 points), and severe depressive symptoms (6-8 points). The self-reported number of lost teeth was analysed according to the following categories: 0-4, 5-8, 9-27, and a complete lack of natural teeth. Multivariable logistic regression analysis for depressive symptoms was used in relation to the number of lost teeth. The following covariates were included in the adjusted model: age, sex, place of residence, education, marital status, BMI, diabetes status, stressful life events in the last year, use of antidepressants, smoking, and sugar and sweet consumption. RESULTS: The likelihood of both moderate (OR = 1.189; 95%CI: 1.028-1.376; p < .020) and severe (OR = 1.846; 95%CI: 1.488-2.290; p < .001) depressive symptoms showed the strongest relationship with a total lack of natural teeth. A loss of more than 8 natural teeth was also significantly associated (OR = 1.315; 95%CI: 1.075-1.609; p < .008) with the occurrence of severe depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The loss of natural teeth was positively related to the occurrence of depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults. Thus, there is an urgent need to intensify stomatological prophylaxis, education and treatment for middle-aged individuals.
背景：许多最近的研究表明，口腔健康与抑郁症状的发生之间存在关系。本研究旨在评估中年人群中失牙数量与抑郁症状发生之间的关系。
方法：对 2010-2011 年在波兰圣十字省进行的波-挪研究（PONS 项目）的数据进行了分析。研究材料包括 11901 名 40-64 岁（7967 名女性）个体的横断面数据。抑郁症状作为因变量进行评估，采用问卷进行评估。参与者就过去 12 个月中出现的八种症状的发生情况回答问题。答案为 1 分或 0 分。根据总分，参与者被分为三组：无或轻度（0-2 分）、中度（3-5 分）和重度抑郁症状（6-8 分）。根据以下类别分析自我报告的失牙数量：0-4、5-8、9-27 和完全无天然牙。使用多变量逻辑回归分析与失牙数量相关的抑郁症状。在调整模型中纳入了以下协变量：年龄、性别、居住地、教育程度、婚姻状况、BMI、糖尿病状况、过去一年的压力性生活事件、使用抗抑郁药、吸烟以及糖和甜食的摄入。
结果：中度（OR=1.189；95%CI：1.028-1.376；p<.020）和重度（OR=1.846；95%CI：1.488-2.290；p<.001）抑郁症状的可能性与完全无天然牙之间存在最强的关系。缺失超过 8 颗天然牙也与重度抑郁症状的发生显著相关（OR=1.315；95%CI：1.075-1.609；p<.008）。
结论：天然牙缺失与中年人群抑郁症状的发生呈正相关。因此，迫切需要加强对中年人的口腔预防保健、教育和治疗。
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