Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, UCL, London, UK
NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, England, UK.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2024 Jul 10;78(8):515-521. doi: 10.1136/jech-2023-221726.
Socioeconomic differences in movement behaviours may contribute to health inequalities. The aim of this descriptive study was to investigate socioeconomic patterns in device-measured 24-hour movement and assess whether patterns differ between weekdays and weekends.
4894 individuals aged 46 years from the 1970 British Cohort Study were included. Participants wore thigh-worn accelerometers for 7 days. Movement behaviours were classified in two 24-hour compositions based on intensity and posture, respectively: (1) sleep, sedentary behaviour, light-intensity activity and moderate-vigorous activity; and (2) sleep, lying, sitting, standing, light movement, walking and combined exercise-like activity. Four socioeconomic measures were explored: education, occupation, income and deprivation index. Movement behaviours were considered compositional means on a 24-hour scale; isometric log ratios expressed per cent differences in daily time in each activity compared with the sample mean.
Associations were consistent across all socioeconomic measures. For example, those with a degree spent more time in exercise-like activities across weekdays (10.8%, 95% CI 7.3 to 14.7; ref: sample mean) and weekends (21.9%, 95% CI 17.2 to 26.9). Other patterns differed markedly by the day of the week. Those with no formal qualifications spent more time standing (5.1%, 95% CI 2.3 to 7.1), moving (10.8%, 95% CI 8.6 to 13.1) and walking(4.0%, 95% CI 2.2 to 6.1) during weekdays, with no differences on weekends. Conversely, those with no formal qualifications spent less time sitting during weekdays (-6.6%, 95% CI -7.8 to -4.8), yet more time lying on both weekends (8.8%, 95% CI 4.9 to 12.2) and weekdays (7.5%, 95% CI 4.0 to 11.5).
There were strong socioeconomic gradients in 24-hour movement behaviours, with notable differences between weekdays/weekends and behaviour type/posture. These findings emphasise the need to consider socioeconomic position, behaviour type/posture and the day of the week when researching or designing interventions targeting working-age adults.
运动行为方面的社会经济差异可能导致健康不平等。本描述性研究旨在调查设备测量的 24 小时运动的社会经济模式，并评估这些模式在工作日和周末之间是否存在差异。
纳入了来自 1970 年英国队列研究的 4894 名 46 岁的个体。参与者佩戴 thigh-worn 加速度计 7 天。根据强度和姿势，将运动行为分为两种 24 小时组成部分：（1）睡眠、久坐行为、低强度活动和中高强度活动；（2）睡眠、躺着、坐着、站立、轻度运动、行走和综合类似运动的活动。探讨了四种社会经济衡量标准：教育、职业、收入和剥夺指数。运动行为被视为 24 小时尺度上的组成均值；等比对数表示与样本均值相比，每天每种活动的时间差异百分比。
所有社会经济衡量标准的关联都是一致的。例如，那些拥有学位的人在工作日（10.8%，95%置信区间 7.3 至 14.7；参考：样本均值）和周末（21.9%，95%置信区间 17.2 至 26.9）期间进行更多类似运动的活动。其他模式在工作日和周末之间有明显的差异。那些没有正规资格的人在工作日站立（5.1%，95%置信区间 2.3 至 7.1）、移动（10.8%，95%置信区间 8.6 至 13.1）和行走（4.0%，95%置信区间 2.2 至 6.1）的时间更多，而周末则没有差异。相反，那些没有正规资格的人在工作日坐着的时间减少了（-6.6%，95%置信区间-7.8 至-4.8），但周末躺着的时间更多（8.8%，95%置信区间 4.9 至 12.2）和工作日（7.5%，95%置信区间 4.0 至 11.5）。
24 小时运动行为存在明显的社会经济梯度，且工作日/周末和行为类型/姿势之间存在显著差异。这些发现强调了在研究或设计针对工作年龄成年人的干预措施时，需要考虑社会经济地位、行为类型/姿势和工作日。
