Institute of Animal Husbandry and Breeding, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 38C, 51-630, Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Genetics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 7, 51-631, Wroclaw, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2024 May 14;14(1):10968. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-61864-z.
Dietary supplementation of ruminants with fish oil is a strategy for favorably modifying the fatty acid composition of milk fat. This study investigated the effect of supplementing cows' diet with fish oil after low-temperature crystallisation (LTC-FO) compared to its raw form (FO) on milk yield, milk components (fat, protein, and lactose), and milk fatty acid profile. Twenty-four mid-lactating multiparous Polish Holstein-Friesian cows fed a total-mix ration were randomly assigned to two homogeneous groups (n = 12 cows each) and supplemented with LTC-FO or FO at 1% of dry matter. Milk samples were collected on days 14 and 30 of the 30-day experiment. No significant differences between the groups in terms of milk yield, milk protein, and lactose content were found, however, the fat yield and content decreased in the LTC-FO group. Milk fat from cows in the LTC-FO group contained significantly higher levels of C18:1 trans-11, C18:2 cis-9, trans-11, C18:3n - 3, C20:5, and C22:6, and lower levels of saturated fatty acids compared to the FO group (p < 0.05). Therefore, LTC-FO may be a more efficient feed additive than FO and may serve as a practical way to modify the fatty acid composition of milk fat.
给反刍动物补充鱼油是一种通过改变乳脂脂肪酸组成来改善乳脂品质的策略。本研究探讨了低温结晶（LTC-FO）后奶牛日粮补充鱼油（LTC-FO）与补充其原始形式（FO）对产奶量、乳成分（脂肪、蛋白质和乳糖）以及乳脂肪酸组成的影响。24 头泌乳中期、多胎次的波兰荷斯坦弗里生奶牛以全混合日粮饲养，随机分为两组（每组 12 头奶牛），并分别以干物质的 1%添加 LTC-FO 或 FO。在 30 天试验的第 14 天和第 30 天收集牛奶样品。两组之间的产奶量、乳蛋白和乳糖含量没有显著差异，但 LTC-FO 组的乳脂产量和含量下降。与 FO 组相比，LTC-FO 组奶牛乳脂中的 C18:1trans-11、C18:2cis-9、trans-11、C18:3n-3、C20:5 和 C22:6 含量更高，饱和脂肪酸含量更低（p<0.05）。因此，LTC-FO 可能比 FO 更有效，是一种改善乳脂脂肪酸组成的实用方法。
