Teixeira Gisela, Cruchinho Paulo, Lucas Pedro, Gaspar Filomena
Nursing Research Innovation and Development Centre of Lisbon (CIDNUR), 1600-190 Lisbon, Portugal.
Int J Nurs Stud Adv. 2023 Nov 3;5:100161. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2023.100161. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Globalisation, wars, competitiveness, and technological innovation have increased workplace diversity, requiring leaders to conduct multinational projects, lead people from different cultural backgrounds, and deliver appropriate services that meet the needs of clients from different cultures. Several concepts are interchangeably used to define and describe leadership in culturally-diverse work environments; one such concept is transcultural leadership. Because of nurses' global migration and care delivery to patients from different cultural backgrounds, this concept is of interest in the nursing field. While some nurses have been identified as transcultural leaders, no definition of transcultural nursing leadership has been found in the literature.
This study aimed to develop an operational definition of transcultural nursing leadership.
A concept analysis was performed using Walker and Avant's method.
A literature search was conducted using electronic databases, including CINAHL and MEDLINE, books, and encyclopaedias. Quantitative, qualitative, mixed- design studies and literature reviews; master's and doctoral theses; interviews; and text and opinion papers published in English, Spanish, or Portuguese that focused on leadership in multicultural work environments overall and in nursing in particular were included. To identify differences and similarities between the concepts, a Correspondence Factor Analysis with the support of the software IRaMuTeQ was undertaken.
A total of 45 documents with definitions or descriptions of the concepts was included, of which five were in the nursing area and 40 in other areas of study. The defining attribute of transcultural nursing leadership is guiding the delivery of culturally-congruent care. Its antecedents were culturally-diverse populations, multicultural nursing teams, and the need to prepare healthcare workers, administrators, academics, professors, researchers, and minorities for transcultural nursing. The consequences identified included culturally-congruent care for patients and optimal health outcomes for all populations. The identified attributes, antecedents, and consequences did not cover the complexity of a culturally-diverse nursing work environment. Thus, the antecedents, attributes, and consequences of transcultural leadership identified in the literature were considered and added.
Transcultural nursing leadership is a concept grounded in nursing theory that has significant implications for nursing management, education, research, and policy. This holds great promise for advancing culturally-congruent care, addressing health disparities, and building highly inclusive and productive nursing teams in an increasingly diverse world.
全球化、战争、竞争和技术创新增加了工作场所的多样性，要求领导者开展跨国项目，领导来自不同文化背景的人员，并提供满足不同文化背景客户需求的适当服务。几个概念被交替使用来定义和描述多元文化工作环境中的领导力；其中一个概念是跨文化领导力。由于护士的全球流动以及为来自不同文化背景的患者提供护理服务，这一概念在护理领域备受关注。虽然一些护士已被认定为跨文化领导者，但文献中尚未找到跨文化护理领导力的定义。
本研究旨在制定跨文化护理领导力的操作性定义。
采用沃克和阿凡特的方法进行概念分析。
使用电子数据库（包括CINAHL和MEDLINE）、书籍和百科全书进行文献检索。纳入了定量、定性、混合设计研究和文献综述；硕士和博士论文；访谈；以及以英文、西班牙文或葡萄牙文发表的聚焦于多元文化工作环境总体及护理领域的文本和观点论文。为了识别概念之间的差异和相似之处，在软件IRaMuTeQ的支持下进行了对应因子分析。
共纳入45份包含概念定义或描述的文献，其中5份来自护理领域，40份来自其他研究领域。跨文化护理领导力的定义属性是指导提供文化适配的护理。其先决条件是文化多元的人群、多元文化护理团队，以及为医护人员、管理人员、学者、教授、研究人员和少数群体开展跨文化护理培训的需求。确定的结果包括为患者提供文化适配的护理以及所有人群的最佳健康结局。所确定的属性、先决条件和结果并未涵盖多元文化护理工作环境的复杂性。因此，考虑并补充了文献中确定的跨文化领导力的先决条件、属性和结果。
跨文化护理领导力是一个基于护理理论的概念，对护理管理、教育、研究和政策具有重要意义。这为在日益多样化的世界中推进文化适配的护理、解决健康差异以及建立高度包容和高效的护理团队带来了巨大希望。
