Laboratory of Veterinary Mycoplasmology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Microbiol Spectr. 2024 Jul 2;12(7):e0354223. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.03542-23. Epub 2024 May 17.
A total of 334 isolates were recovered from 6,223 pet rectal samples collected at 50 pet clinics, 42 pet shops, 7 residential areas, and 4 plazas. Forty serovars were identified that included all strains except for one isolate that did not cluster via self-agglutination, with Typhimurium monophasic variant, Kentucky, Enteritidis, Pomona, and Give being the predominant serovars. Fifty-one sequence types were identified among the isolates, and ST198, ST11, ST19, ST451, ST34, and ST155 were the most common. The top four dominant antimicrobials to which isolates were resistant were sulfisoxazole, ampicillin, doxycycline, and tetracycline, and 217 isolates exhibited multidrug resistance. The prevalence of β-lactamase genes in isolates was 59.6%, and among these isolates, 185 harbored , followed by (66) and (10). Moreover, six PMQR genes, namely, including (4.8%), (4.2%), (0.9%), (18.9%), (16.5%), and (1.5%), were detected. QRDR mutations (76.6%) were very common in isolates, with the most frequent mutation in (T57S) (47.3%). Furthermore, we detected six tetracycline resistance genes in 176 isolates, namely, (A) (39.5%), (B) (8.1%), (M) (7.7%), (D) (5.4%), (J) (3.3%), and (C) (1.8%), and three sulfonamide resistance genes in 303 isolates, namely, (84.4%), (31.1%), and (4.2%). Finally, we found 86 isolates simultaneously harboring four types of resistance genes that cotransferred 2-7 resistance genes to recipient bacteria. The frequent occurrence of antimicrobial resistance, particularly in dogs and cats, suggests that antibiotic misuse may be driving multidrug-resistant among pets.IMPORTANCEPet-associated human salmonellosis has been reported for many years, and antimicrobial resistance in pet-associated has become a serious public health problem and has attracted increasing attention. There are no reports of from pets and their antimicrobial resistance in Chongqing, China. In this study, we investigated the prevalence, serovar diversity, sequence types, and antimicrobial resistance of strains isolated from pet fecal samples in Chongqing. In addition, β-lactamase, QRDR, PMQR, tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes, and mutations in QRDRs in isolates were examined. Our findings demonstrated the diversity of serovars and sequence types of isolates. The isolates were widely resistant to antimicrobials, notably with a high proportion of multidrug-resistant strains, which highlights the potential direct or indirect transmission of multidrug-resistant from pets to humans. Furthermore, resistance genes were widely prevalent in the isolates, and most of the resistance genes were spread horizontally between strains.
从 50 家宠物诊所、42 家宠物店、7 个居民区和 4 个广场采集的 6223 份宠物直肠样本中共分离出 334 株。鉴定出 40 个血清型,包括除 1 株不能通过自凝集聚类的菌株外的所有菌株,优势血清型为肠炎沙门氏菌单相变异型、肯塔基、肠炎、波蒙那和格氏。在分离株中鉴定出 51 种序列类型,ST198、ST11、ST19、ST451、ST34 和 ST155 最为常见。分离株中对磺胺异恶唑、氨苄西林、强力霉素和四环素耐药的前 4 种抗生素分别为 217 株,表现出多药耐药性。分离株中β-内酰胺酶基因的流行率为 59.6%,其中 185 株携带 ,其次是 (66)和 (10)。此外,检测到包括 (4.8%)、 (4.2%)、 (0.9%)、 (18.9%)、 (16.5%)和 (1.5%)在内的 6 种 PMQR 基因。QRDR 突变(76.6%)在 分离株中非常常见,最常见的突变是 (T57S)(47.3%)。此外,我们在 176 株分离株中检测到 6 种四环素耐药基因,即 (A)(39.5%)、 (B)(8.1%)、 (M)(7.7%)、 (D)(5.4%)、 (J)(3.3%)和 (C)(1.8%),在 303 株分离株中检测到 3 种磺胺类耐药基因,即 (84.4%)、 (31.1%)和 (4.2%)。最后,我们发现 86 株分离株同时携带 4 种耐药基因,这些耐药基因可将 2-7 种耐药基因共转移至受体菌。宠物携带的 抗生素耐药性频繁发生,尤其是在狗和猫中,这表明抗生素的滥用可能导致宠物中出现多药耐药 。
重要提示:多年来一直有宠物相关的人类沙门氏菌病的报告,宠物相关 的抗生素耐药性已成为一个严重的公共卫生问题,引起了越来越多的关注。中国重庆尚未有宠物来源的 及其耐药性的报道。在这项研究中,我们调查了重庆宠物粪便样本中 分离株的流行率、血清型多样性、序列类型、抗生素耐药性。此外,还检测了 分离株中的β-内酰胺酶、QRDR、PMQR、四环素和磺胺类耐药基因以及 QRDR 中的突变。我们的研究结果表明 分离株的血清型和序列类型具有多样性。分离株对多种抗生素广泛耐药,尤其是具有较高比例的多药耐药菌株,这突显了宠物携带的多药耐药 可能直接或间接传播给人类。此外,耐药基因在分离株中广泛存在,大多数耐药基因在菌株间水平传播。
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