School of Medicine and Population Health, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
Public Health Department, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, 13316, Saudi Arabia.
BMJ Open. 2024 May 17;14(5):e078631. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078631.
Around one-third of the population of Saudi Arabia have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, a condition often requiring lifestyle changes. Personalised health coaching, a strategy developed to assist individuals in overcoming challenges to adopt healthy behaviours, has not yet been widely applied in the country.
We aim to explore the feasibility and acceptability of tailored health coaching in Saudi Arabia, in order to help those with type 2 diabetes to more effectively manage their condition.
Using a mixed-methods approach, this research involved a randomised controlled trial with 30 Saudi adults who have type 2 diabetes. They were randomly allocated into either the intervention or control arm for 12 weeks. The Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour framework was used to guide the intervention implementation along with the Behaviour Change Techniques Taxonomy V.1. The primary goal was to assess the suitability and duration of the intervention, recruitment, retention and completion rates. The secondary outcome focused on the preliminary efficacy of the health coaching measured by the glycaemic index, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, weight, patient self-efficacy and diabetes self-management.
The results showed high rates of eligibility, recruitment and retention (a screening rate of 90%, a recruiting rate of 79% and a retention rate of 97%). Notable improvements were observed in the health coaching group across five outcomes: haemoglobin A1c, BMI, waist circumference, patient self-efficacy and diabetes self-care. Qualitative findings highlighted the participants' perceived benefits from the intervention, including enhanced motivation, better understanding of diabetes management and a supportive coaching relationship. Participants expressed high satisfaction with the intervention and advocated for its expansion.
The findings demonstrated positive outcomes, supporting the need for a larger randomised controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of health coaching in improving diabetes self-management among individuals with type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia.
沙特阿拉伯约有三分之一的人口被诊断患有 2 型糖尿病，这种疾病通常需要改变生活方式。个性化健康辅导是一种旨在帮助个人克服挑战以采用健康行为的策略，但尚未在该国广泛应用。
我们旨在探索定制健康辅导在沙特阿拉伯的可行性和可接受性，以帮助 2 型糖尿病患者更有效地管理他们的病情。
本研究采用混合方法，涉及一项针对 30 名沙特成年人 2 型糖尿病患者的随机对照试验。他们被随机分配到干预组或对照组，进行为期 12 周的干预。使用能力、机会、动机和行为框架以及行为改变技术分类学 V.1 来指导干预的实施。主要目标是评估干预的适宜性和持续时间、招募、保留和完成率。次要结果重点关注健康辅导的初步疗效，通过血糖指数、血压、体重指数 (BMI)、腰围、体重、患者自我效能和糖尿病自我管理来衡量。
结果显示出高的合格、招募和保留率（筛选率为 90%，招募率为 79%，保留率为 97%）。在健康辅导组中，五个结果均有显著改善：血红蛋白 A1c、BMI、腰围、患者自我效能和糖尿病自我护理。定性发现强调了参与者从干预中获得的益处，包括增强的动机、对糖尿病管理的更好理解以及支持性的辅导关系。参与者对干预表示高度满意，并主张扩大其应用。
这些发现表明了积极的结果，支持需要进行更大规模的随机对照试验，以评估健康辅导在改善沙特阿拉伯 2 型糖尿病患者糖尿病自我管理方面的疗效。
