Human Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
General Practice and Primary Care, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, 1 Horselethill Road R202 House 2, Glasgow, G12 9LX, UK.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Apr 17;20(1):515. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-08597-6.
There is evidence that type 2 diabetes self-management programmes may have a positive impact on health outcomes of adults living in Gulf countries. However, none of the programmes evaluated were developed using evidence about the specific needs of adults with Type 2 diabetes living in the Gulf countries. This study is part of a wider programme of research, which uses a cultural adaptation framework to generate information on how to tailor type 2 diabetes self-management to the Saudi context.
Secondary data analysis of the Saudi Health Interview Survey (SHIS) (N = 10,821) was conducted. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression modelling assessed factors associated with type 2 diabetes and its control / self-management including sociodemographic factors (e.g. age, gender), lifestyle (e.g. diet, physical activity), and health seeking behaviours (e.g. chronic illnesses, health services).
7% (N = 808) of all participants had type 2 diabetes (59% male), however it represents 35% at or above 55 years. In multivariate analysis at older age, being overweight or obese, male, having hypertension, and reporting a reduction in health status in the 12 months prior to questionnaire completion, were significantly associated with having type 2 diabetes. Participants who reported walking for more than 10 min per day were less likely to report type 2 diabetes. Unexpectedly there was a significant association between type 2 diabetes and lower frequency of fast food intake, while increased fruit and vegetable intake was associated with poor glycaemic control.
Being overweight and/or hypertensive are concomitant with type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia. Any self-management programmes for type 2 diabetes patients with either of these conditions should be tailored accordingly. Walking behaviours should be prioritised in Saudi self-management programmes. Prediabetes management programmes may be of special importance to the Saudi community.
有证据表明，2 型糖尿病自我管理方案可能对居住在海湾国家的成年人的健康结果产生积极影响。然而，评估的方案中没有一个是根据居住在海湾国家的 2 型糖尿病成年人的具体需求制定的。本研究是更广泛研究计划的一部分，该计划使用文化适应框架来生成有关如何根据沙特背景调整 2 型糖尿病自我管理的信息。
对沙特健康访谈调查（SHIS）（N=10821）进行二次数据分析。采用二变量和多变量逻辑回归模型评估与 2 型糖尿病及其控制/自我管理相关的因素，包括社会人口因素（如年龄、性别）、生活方式（如饮食、体力活动）和健康寻求行为（如慢性病、卫生服务）。
所有参与者中有 7%（N=808）患有 2 型糖尿病（59%为男性），但在 55 岁及以上的人群中占 35%。在多变量分析中，年龄较大、超重或肥胖、男性、患有高血压以及在完成问卷前 12 个月报告健康状况下降与患有 2 型糖尿病显著相关。报告每天步行超过 10 分钟的参与者不太可能报告患有 2 型糖尿病。出乎意料的是，2 型糖尿病与快餐摄入频率较低之间存在显著关联，而增加水果和蔬菜摄入量与血糖控制不佳有关。
超重和/或高血压是沙特阿拉伯 2 型糖尿病的伴随症状。对于有这些情况的 2 型糖尿病患者，任何自我管理方案都应相应调整。在沙特自我管理方案中，应优先考虑步行行为。对于沙特社区，糖尿病前期管理方案可能尤为重要。
