Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
J Reprod Immunol. 2024 Aug;164:104254. doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104254. Epub 2024 May 14.
Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) can infect cows on days 30-110 of gestation and crossing the placental barrier, resulting in persistently infected (PI) and causing significant economic losses to dairy farming. Bovine placental trophoblast cells (BTCs) are the major cells in the early chorionic tissue of the placenta and play important roles in placental resistance to viral transmission. In this study, we have confirmed that BTCs is among a groups of cell types those could be infected by BVDV in vivo, and BVDV infection stimulates the autophagic responses in BTCs and promotes the release of exosomes. Meanwhile, the exosomes derived from BTCs can be used by BVDV to spread between placental trophoblast cells, and this mode of transmission cannot be blocked by antibodies against the BVDV E2 protein, whereas the replication and spread of BVDV in BTCs can be blocked by inhibiting autophagy and exosomogenesis. Our study provides a theoretical and practical basis for scientific prediction and intervention of reproductive disorders caused by BVDV infection in cows of different gestation periods from a novel perspective.
牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）可在妊娠第 30-110 天感染牛，并穿过胎盘屏障，导致持续感染（PI），给奶牛养殖造成重大经济损失。牛胎盘滋养层细胞（BTCs）是胎盘早期绒毛组织中的主要细胞，在胎盘抵抗病毒传播方面发挥重要作用。在本研究中，我们已经证实 BTCs 是体内可被 BVDV 感染的细胞类型之一，BVDV 感染刺激 BTCs 中的自噬反应，并促进外泌体的释放。同时，来源于 BTCs 的外泌体可被 BVDV 用于在胎盘滋养层细胞之间传播，这种传播方式不能被针对 BVDV E2 蛋白的抗体阻断，而 BVDV 在 BTCs 中的复制和传播可以通过抑制自噬和外泌体发生来阻断。本研究从新的视角为预测和干预不同妊娠阶段奶牛因 BVDV 感染引起的生殖障碍提供了理论和实践基础。
