Department of Physics, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
Department of Physics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2024 May 18;14(1):11354. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-61920-8.
According to an estimate, 30% to 40%, of global fruit are wasted, leading to post harvest losses and contributing to economic losses ranging from $10 to $100 billion worldwide. Among, all fruits the discarded portion of oranges is around 20%. A novel and value addition approach to utilize the orange peels is in nanoscience. In the present study, a synthesis approach was conducted to prepare the metallic nanoparticles (copper and silver); by utilizing food waste (Citrus plant peels) as bioactive reductants. In addition, the Citrus sinensis extracts showed the reducing activity against metallic salts copper chloride and silver nitrate to form Cu-NPs (copper nanoparticles) and Ag-NPs (Silver nanoparticles). The in vitro potential of both types of prepared nanoparticles was examined against plant pathogenic bacteria Erwinia carotovora (Pectobacterium carotovorum) and pathogens effect on human health Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Moreover, the in vivo antagonistic potential of both types of prepared nanoparticles was examined by their interaction with against plant (potato slices). Furthermore, additional antipathogenic (antiviral and antifungal) properties were also examined. The statistical analysis was done to explain the level of significance and antipathogenic effectiveness among synthesized Ag-NPs and Cu-NPs. The surface morphology, elemental description and size of particles were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy and zeta sizer (in addition polydispersity index and zeta potential). The justification for the preparation of particles was done by UV-Vis Spectroscopy (excitation peaks at 339 nm for copper and 415 nm for silver) and crystalline nature was observed by X-ray diffraction. Hence, the prepared particles are quite effective against soft rot pathogens in plants and can also be used effectively in some other multifunctional applications such as bioactive sport wear, surgical gowns, bioactive bandages and wrist or knee compression bandages, etc.
据估计，全球有 30%到 40%的水果被浪费，导致产后损失，并在全球造成 1000 亿美元至 10 亿美元的经济损失。在所有水果中，橙子的丢弃部分约为 20%。利用橙皮的一种新颖且附加值高的方法是在纳米科学领域。在本研究中，采用了一种合成方法来制备金属纳米粒子（铜和银）；利用食品废物（柑橘属植物皮）作为生物活性还原剂。此外，甜橙提取物对金属盐氯化铜和硝酸银表现出还原活性，形成 Cu-NPs（铜纳米粒子）和 Ag-NPs（银纳米粒子）。两种类型的纳米粒子的体外潜力都针对植物病原菌欧文氏菌（果胶杆菌）和对人类健康有影响的病原菌大肠杆菌（E. coli）和金黄色葡萄球菌（金黄色葡萄球菌）进行了检查。此外，还通过它们与植物（土豆片）的相互作用检查了两种类型的纳米粒子的体内拮抗潜力。此外，还检查了其他抗病原体（抗病毒和抗真菌）特性。通过统计分析来解释合成的 Ag-NPs 和 Cu-NPs 之间的显著性和抗病原体效果的水平。通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、能量色散光谱和zeta 粒径仪（以及多分散指数和zeta 电位）分析了表面形貌、元素描述和颗粒尺寸。通过紫外-可见光谱（铜的激发峰为 339nm，银的激发峰为 415nm）和 X 射线衍射观察到结晶特性来证明颗粒的制备是合理的。因此，所制备的颗粒对植物中的软腐病病原体非常有效，也可有效用于其他一些多功能应用，如生物活性运动服、手术服、生物活性绷带和手腕或膝盖压缩绷带等。
