Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, The Advanced Seed Institute, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Plant Genomics and Molecular Breeding Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Theor Appl Genet. 2024 May 20;137(6):136. doi: 10.1007/s00122-024-04624-x.
Different kinship and resistance to cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) and heat were found between upland cotton cultivars from China and Pakistan. 175 SNPs and 82 InDels loci related to yield, fiber quality, CLCuD, and heat resistance were identified. Elite alleles found in Pakistani accessions aided local adaptation to climatic condition of two countries. Adaptation of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) beyond its center of origin is expected to be driven by tailoring of the genome and genes to enhance yield and quality in new ecological niches. Here, resequencing of 456 upland cotton accessions revealed two distinct kinships according to the associated country. Fiber quality and lint percentage were consistent across kinships, but resistance to cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) and heat was distinctly exhibited by accessions from Pakistan, illustrating highly local adaption. A total of 175 SNP and 82 InDel loci related to yield, fiber quality, CLCuD and heat resistance were identified; among them, only two overlapped between Pakistani and Chinese accessions underscoring the divergent domestication and improvement targets in each country. Loci associated with resistance alleles to leaf curl disease and high temperature were largely found in Pakistani accessions to counter these stresses prevalent in Pakistan. These results revealed that breeding activities led to the accumulation of unique alleles and helped upland cotton become adapted to the respective climatic conditions, which will contribute to elucidating the genetic mechanisms that underlie resilience traits and help develop climate-resilient cotton cultivars for use worldwide.
中国和巴基斯坦的陆地棉品种之间存在不同的亲缘关系和对棉花曲叶病（CLCuD）及耐热性的抗性。鉴定出与产量、纤维品质、CLCuD 和耐热性相关的 175 个 SNP 和 82 个 InDel 基因座。在巴基斯坦品种中发现的优良等位基因有助于适应两国的气候条件。预计通过对基因组和基因进行修饰，使陆地棉（Gossypium hirsutum）超越其起源中心，从而适应新的生态位，从而提高产量和品质。本研究通过对 456 个陆地棉品种进行重测序，根据相关国家发现了两种不同的亲缘关系。纤维品质和 lint 百分比在亲缘关系中是一致的，但巴基斯坦品种对棉花曲叶病（CLCuD）和耐热性的抗性明显不同，说明高度的地方适应性。共鉴定出与产量、纤维品质、CLCuD 和耐热性相关的 175 个 SNP 和 82 个 InDel 基因座；其中，巴基斯坦和中国品种之间只有两个重叠，突出了两国不同的驯化和改良目标。与抗卷曲病和耐高温的抗性等位基因相关的基因座主要存在于巴基斯坦品种中，以应对巴基斯坦普遍存在的这些胁迫。这些结果表明，选育活动导致了独特等位基因的积累，帮助陆地棉适应各自的气候条件，这将有助于阐明弹性性状的遗传机制，并有助于开发适应全球气候变化的棉花品种。
