Li Meng, Gao Ning, Wang Shao-Li, Guo Yu-Feng, Liu Zhen
Department of Gastroenterology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2024 May 15;16(5):2200-2218. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i5.2200.
The lack of specific symptoms of gastric cancer (GC) causes great challenges in its early diagnosis. Thus it is essential to identify the risk factors for early diagnosis and treatment of GC and to improve the survival rates.
To assist physicians in identifying changes in the output of publications and research hotspots related to risk factors for GC, constructing a list of key risk factors, and providing a reference for early identification of patients at high risk for GC.
Research articles on risk factors for GC were searched in the Web of Science core collection, and relevant information was extracted after screening. The literature was analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019, CiteSpace V, and VOSviewer 1.6.18.
A total of 2514 papers from 72 countries and 2507 research institutions were retrieved. China ( = 1061), National Cancer Center ( = 138), and Shoichiro Tsugane ( = 36) were the most productive country, institution, or author, respectively. The research hotspots in the study of risk factors for GC are summarized in four areas, namely: () infection, single nucleotide polymorphism, bio-diagnostic markers, and GC risk prediction models.
In this study, we found that infection is the most significant risk factor for GC; single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is the most dominant genetic factor for GC; bio-diagnostic markers are the most promising diagnostic modality for GC. GC risk prediction models are the latest current research hotspot. We conclude that the most important risk factors for the development of GC infection, SNP, smoking, diet, and alcohol.
胃癌（GC）缺乏特异性症状，给其早期诊断带来巨大挑战。因此，识别胃癌早期诊断和治疗的风险因素并提高生存率至关重要。
协助医生识别与胃癌风险因素相关的出版物产出变化和研究热点，构建关键风险因素列表，并为早期识别胃癌高危患者提供参考。
在科学网核心合集中检索关于胃癌风险因素的研究文章，筛选后提取相关信息。使用Microsoft Excel 2019、CiteSpace V和VOSviewer 1.6.18对文献进行分析。
共检索到来自72个国家和2507个研究机构的2514篇论文。中国（=1061）、国家癌症中心（=138）和津金照一郎（=36）分别是产出最多的国家、机构或作者。胃癌风险因素研究的热点总结为四个领域，即：（）感染、单核苷酸多态性、生物诊断标志物和胃癌风险预测模型。
在本研究中，我们发现感染是胃癌最重要的风险因素；单核苷酸多态性（SNP）是胃癌最主要的遗传因素；生物诊断标志物是胃癌最有前景的诊断方式。胃癌风险预测模型是当前最新的研究热点。我们得出结论，胃癌发生的最重要风险因素是感染、SNP、吸烟、饮食和酒精。
