Unidad de diagnóstico de deterioro cognitivo y prevención de demencia, Instituto Peruano de Neurociencias, Lima, Peru.
Unidad de Investigación, Instituto Peruano de Neurociencias, Lima, Peru.
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2024;53(5):229-236. doi: 10.1159/000539335. Epub 2024 May 20.
People caring for patients with dementia are prone to suffering from burden. Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) may have an impact on caregiver burden. In Latin American countries, there is a lack of research on caregiver burden. We aimed to determine which BPSD have the greatest impact on caregiver burden among Peruvian patients with dementia and to compare the effects of BPSD on caregiver burden across different types of dementia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 231 patients living with Alzheimer's dementia (AD), behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and vascular dementia (VD) and their caregivers who attended a Peruvian memory clinic. BPSD were assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Caregiver burden was assessed with the Zarit Burden Inventory. We used analysis of variance to compare the AD, bvFTD, DLB, and VD groups. Correlations between Zarit Burden Inventory and NPI subscale scores were assessed with Spearman's correlation.
DLB caregivers had significantly higher levels of burden than the other patient groups (p < 0.05) and higher total NPI scores than caregivers for other patient groups (p < 0.05). bvFTD caregivers had significantly higher total NPI scores than AD and VD caregivers (p < 0.05). Hallucinations, aberrant motor behavior, and apathy were the symptoms most significantly correlated with caregiver burden in those caring for DLB, bvFTD, and AD patients, respectively.
Neuropsychiatric symptoms are higher in DLB caregivers. Hallucinations, aberrant motor behavior, and apathy are the main symptoms correlated with burden.
照顾痴呆症患者的人容易感到负担过重。痴呆症患者的行为和心理症状（BPSD）可能会对照顾者的负担产生影响。在拉丁美洲国家，针对照顾者负担的研究较少。我们旨在确定秘鲁痴呆症患者中哪些 BPSD 对照顾者负担的影响最大，并比较不同类型痴呆症的 BPSD 对照顾者负担的影响。
对在秘鲁记忆诊所就诊的 231 名患有阿尔茨海默病（AD）、行为变异额颞叶痴呆（bvFTD）、路易体痴呆（DLB）和血管性痴呆（VD）的患者及其照顾者进行了横断面研究。使用神经精神问卷（NPI）评估 BPSD。使用 Zarit 负担量表评估照顾者负担。我们使用方差分析比较 AD、bvFTD、DLB 和 VD 组。使用 Spearman 相关分析评估 Zarit 负担量表与 NPI 分量表评分之间的相关性。
DLB 照顾者的负担水平明显高于其他患者组（p < 0.05），且总 NPI 评分也高于其他患者组的照顾者（p < 0.05）。bvFTD 照顾者的总 NPI 评分明显高于 AD 和 VD 照顾者（p < 0.05）。幻觉、异常运动行为和淡漠分别是与 DLB、bvFTD 和 AD 患者照顾者负担最相关的症状。
DLB 照顾者的神经精神症状较高。幻觉、异常运动行为和淡漠是与负担相关的主要症状。
