Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
Department of Agriculture and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 May;31(25):37356-37365. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-33709-9. Epub 2024 May 21.
The aim of the study was to estimate the degree of anthropogenic risk by evaluating the level of the contamination of sediments collected from the Rybnik reservoir. The results of the determination of radionuclides (Cs, K, Th, Ra, Ra, Pb, U) and heavy metals (Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni) were presented. The Rybnik reservoir is located in a highly urbanised area, the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. Radionuclides (Cs, K, Th, Ra, Ra, Pb, U) were measured using gamma spectrometry. The heavy metal (Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni and Cr) content was determined using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer (ICP-OES). The classification of sediment pollution was made on the basis of geochemical and ecotoxicological indices. Radioactivity was varied with the highest for K (more than 200 Bq·kg). The concentrations for the remaining radionuclides were mostly below 20 Bq·kg. At the inlet zone (no. 9) an increase in radioactivity of each radioisotope was observed. The values of heavy metals from the lowest to the highest total amount in the sediments were as follows: Cd < Cr < Pb < Ni < Cu < Zn. The sediments of the reservoir are largely contaminated with Cu, but the sediments generally are contaminated to an average degree. Most pollutants accumulate in the inlet zone and near the dam wall. The content of artificial radionuclides, as well as the geochemical and ecological indicators used, can serve as an indicator of the level of anthropopressure in the vicinity of the Rybnik reservoir.
本研究旨在通过评估从雷布尼克水库采集的沉积物的污染程度来评估人为风险的程度。结果展示了对放射性核素（Cs、K、Th、Ra、Ra、Pb、U）和重金属（Zn、Cd、Pb、Cu、Cr、Ni）的测定结果。雷布尼克水库位于波兰下西里西亚省高度城市化的地区。放射性核素（Cs、K、Th、Ra、Ra、Pb、U）采用伽马能谱法测量。重金属（Zn、Cd、Pb、Cu、Ni 和 Cr）含量采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-OES）测定。沉积物污染的分类是基于地球化学和生态毒理学指标进行的。放射性随 K 的含量变化而变化（超过 200 Bq·kg）。其余放射性核素的浓度大多低于 20 Bq·kg。在入口区（9 号），每种放射性同位素的放射性都有所增加。沉积物中重金属的总量从低到高依次为：Cd<Cr<Pb<Ni<Cu<Zn。水库沉积物受到 Cu 的严重污染，但总体上受到中度污染。大多数污染物在入口区和大坝墙附近积累。人为放射性核素的含量以及所用的地球化学和生态指标可以作为雷布尼克水库附近人为压力水平的指标。
