Suwanpakdee Sarin, Ketchim Natthaphat, Thongdee Metawee, Chaiwattanarungruengpaisan Somjit, Tangsudjai Siriporn, Wiriyarat Witthawat, Julapanthong Pruksa, Trakoolchaisri Wachira, Buamas Supakit, Sakcamduang Walasinee, Okada Pilailuk Akkapaiboon, Puthavathana Pilaipan, Paungpin Weena
The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 May 6;11:1329656. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1329656. eCollection 2024.
Epidemiological data on SARS-CoV-2 infection in companion animals have been thoroughly investigated in many countries. However, information on the neutralizing cross-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 variants in companion animals is still limited. Here, we explored the neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in cats and dogs between May 2020 and December 2021 during the first wave (a Wuhan-Hu-1-dominant period) and the fourth wave (a Delta-dominant period) of the Thailand COVID-19 outbreak. Archival plasma samples of 1,304 cats and 1,795 dogs (total = 3,099) submitted for diagnosis and health checks were collected at the Prasu-Arthorn Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom. A microneutralization test was used to detect neutralizing antibodies against the ancestral Wuhan-Hu-1 and the Delta variants. A plasma sample with neutralizing titers ≥10 was considered positive. Our results showed relatively low seroprevalence with seropositive samples detected in 8 out of 3,099 individuals (0.26, 95% CI 0.11-0.51%). Among these cases, SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies from both the ancestral Wuhan-Hu-1 and the Delta variants were found in three out of eight cases in two cats ( = 2) and one dog ( = 1). Furthermore, neutralizing antibodies specific to only the ancestral Wuhan-Hu-1 variant were exclusively found in one cat ( = 1), while antibodies against only the Delta variant were detected in four dogs ( = 4). Additionally, the neutralizing cross-activities against SARS-CoV-2 variants (Alpha, Beta, and Omicron BA.2) were observed in the seropositive cats with limited capacity to neutralize the Omicron BA.2 variant. In summary, the seropositivity among cats and dogs in households with an unknown COVID-19 status was relatively low in Thailand. Moreover, the neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 found in the seropositive cats and dogs had limited or no ability to neutralize the Omicron BA.2 variant. Thus, monitoring SARS-CoV-2 infection and sero-surveillance, particularly in cats, is imperative for tracking virus susceptibility to the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants.
许多国家都对伴侣动物感染新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）的流行病学数据进行了全面调查。然而，关于伴侣动物对SARS-CoV-2变异株的中和交叉反应性的信息仍然有限。在此，我们研究了在泰国新冠疫情第一波（以武汉-胡-1毒株为主的时期）和第四波（以德尔塔毒株为主的时期）期间，2020年5月至2021年12月猫和狗体内针对SARS-CoV-2的中和抗体。在佛统府玛希隆大学兽医学院的普拉苏-阿索恩兽医教学医院，收集了1304只猫和1795只狗（共3099只）用于诊断和健康检查的存档血浆样本。采用微量中和试验检测针对原始武汉-胡-1毒株和德尔塔变异株的中和抗体。中和滴度≥10的血浆样本被视为阳性。我们的结果显示血清阳性率相对较低，在3099只个体中有8只检测到血清阳性样本（0.26，95%置信区间0.11-0.51%）。在这些病例中，在两只猫（n = 2）和一只狗（n = 1）的8个病例中有3个病例同时检测到了针对原始武汉-胡-1毒株和德尔塔变异株的SARS-CoV-2中和抗体。此外，仅在一只猫（n = 1）中发现了仅针对原始武汉-胡-1变异株的中和抗体，而在四只狗（n = 4）中检测到了仅针对德尔塔变异株的抗体。此外，在血清阳性的猫中观察到了对SARS-CoV-2变异株（阿尔法、贝塔和奥密克戎BA.2）的中和交叉活性，但对奥密克戎BA.2变异株的中和能力有限。总之，在泰国，新冠病毒感染状况不明的家庭中猫和狗的血清阳性率相对较低。此外，在血清阳性的猫和狗中发现的针对SARS-CoV-2的中和抗体对奥密克戎BA.2变异株的中和能力有限或没有中和能力。因此，监测SARS-CoV-2感染和血清学监测，特别是对猫的监测对于追踪病毒对新出现的SARS-CoV-2变异株的易感性至关重要。
