Department of Agrobiotechnology, IFA-Tulln, Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro-Metabolomics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety GmbH, Institute for Animal Nutrition and Feed, Vienna, Austria.
J Sci Food Agric. 2024 Oct;104(13):7788-7796. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.13607. Epub 2024 May 21.
Mycotoxin surveys play an essential role in our food safety system. The obtained occurrence data form the basis for the assessment of the exposure of humans and animals to these toxic fungal secondary metabolites. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has become the gold standard for mycotoxin determination because it enables selective and sensitive multi-toxin analysis. Simultaneous determination of several hundreds of secondary fungal metabolites is feasible using this technique. In this study, we combined a targeted dilute-and-shoot LC-MS/MS-based multi-analyte approach with multivariate statistics for the analysis of Austrian wheat from two different years and different geographical origins.
We quantified 47 secondary fungal metabolites, including regulated emerging and masked mycotoxins. The resulting multi-mycotoxin occurrence data were further analyzed using both multivariate and univariate statistics. Principal component analysis (PCA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) simultaneous component analysis (ASCA) were employed to identify regional and yearly trends within the dataset and to quantify the variance in metabolite occurrence attributed to the different effects. In addition, secondary fungal metabolites significantly impacted by these factors were selected via ANOVA. Of the 47 secondary metabolites identified, 39 were affected by the year, region or a combined effect. Moreover, our findings show that 43 of the secondary fungal metabolites were significantly influenced by the weather conditions.
The results presented in this study underline the added value of combining targeted LC-MS/MS with multivariate statistics for monitoring a broad spectrum of secondary fungal metabolites in food crops. Through multivariate statistics, trends associated with the year or region can be readily studied. The approach presented could pave the way for a better understanding of the impact of climate change on plant pathogenic fungi and its implications for food safety. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
真菌毒素检测在食品安全体系中起着至关重要的作用。获得的发生数据是评估人类和动物暴露于这些有毒真菌次生代谢物的基础。液相色谱-串联质谱联用（LC-MS/MS）已成为真菌毒素测定的金标准，因为它能够进行选择性和灵敏的多毒素分析。使用该技术可以同时测定数百种次级真菌代谢物。在这项研究中，我们结合了靶向稀释-喷射 LC-MS/MS 多分析物方法和多元统计分析，用于分析来自两个不同年份和不同地理位置的奥地利小麦。
我们定量了 47 种次级真菌代谢物，包括受监管的新兴和隐藏真菌毒素。使用多元和单变量统计方法进一步分析了多真菌毒素发生数据。主成分分析（PCA）和方差分析（ANOVA）同时成分分析（ASCA）用于识别数据集中的区域和年度趋势，并量化不同因素对代谢物发生的方差。此外，通过 ANOVA 选择受这些因素显著影响的次级真菌代谢物。在所鉴定的 47 种次级代谢物中，有 39 种受到年份、地区或综合效应的影响。此外，我们的研究结果表明，43 种次级真菌代谢物受到天气条件的显著影响。
本研究结果强调了将靶向 LC-MS/MS 与多元统计相结合用于监测食品作物中广泛的次级真菌代谢物的附加值。通过多元统计，可以方便地研究与年份或地区相关的趋势。提出的方法可以为更好地了解气候变化对植物病原真菌的影响及其对食品安全的影响铺平道路。© 2024 作者。John Wiley & Sons Ltd 代表化学工业协会出版的《食品科学杂志》。
