Strigolactones shape the assembly of root-associated microbiota in response to phosphorus availability.

Plants rely on strigolactones (SLs) to regulate their development and form symbiotic relationships with microbes as part of the adaptive phosphorus (P) efficiency strategies. However, the impact of SLs on root-associated microbial communities in response to P availability remains unknown. Here, root microbiota of SL biosynthesis () and perception () were compared to wild-type Col-0 plants under different P concentrations. Using high-throughput sequencing, the relationship between SLs, P concentrations, and the root-associated microbiota was investigated to reveal the variation in microbial diversity, composition, and interaction. Plant genotypes and P availability played important but different roles in shaping the root-associated microbial community. Importantly, SLs were found to attract in low P conditions, which included an isolated CP-2 () that could promote plant growth in cocultivation experiments. Moreover, SLs could change the topologic structure within co-occurrence networks and increase the number of keystone taxa (e.g., Rhizobiaceae and Acidobacteriaceae) to enhance microbial community stability. This study reveals the key role of SLs in mediating root-associated microbiota interactions.IMPORTANCEStrigolactones (SLs) play a crucial role in plant development and their symbiotic relationships with microbes, particularly in adapting to phosphorus levels. Using high-throughput sequencing, we compared the root microbiota of plants with SL biosynthesis and perception mutants to wild-type plants under different phosphorus concentrations. These results found that SLs can attract beneficial microbes in low phosphorus conditions to enhance plant growth. Additionally, SLs affect microbial network structures, increasing the stability of microbial communities. This study highlights the key role of SLs in shaping root-associated microbial interactions, especially in response to phosphorus availability.