南部社区队列研究中非洲裔美国人和白人吸烟者烟草暴露的尿液生物标志物与肺癌风险的关联
Association of Urinary Biomarkers of Tobacco Exposure with Lung Cancer Risk in African American and White Cigarette Smokers in the Southern Community Cohort Study.
作者信息
Murphy Sharon E, Guillermo Cherie, Thomson Nicole M, Carmella Steven G, Wittmann Milo, Aldrich Melinda C, Cai Qiuyin, Sullivan Shannon M, Stram Daniel O, Le Marchand Loïc, Hecht Stephen S, Blot William J, Park S Lani
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
出版信息
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2024 Aug 1;33(8):1073-1082. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-23-1362.
BACKGROUND
After accounting for smoking history, lung cancer incidence is greater in African Americans than Whites. In the multiethnic cohort, total nicotine equivalents (TNE) are higher in African Americans than Whites at similar reported cigarettes per day. Greater toxicant uptake per cigarette may contribute to the greater lung cancer risk of African Americans.
METHODS
In a nested case-control lung cancer study within the Southern Community Cohort, smoking-related biomarkers were measured in 259 cases and 503 controls (40% White; 56% African American). TNE, the trans-3-hydroxycotinine/cotinine ratio, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-3-(pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), mercapturic acid metabolites of volatile organic compounds, phenanthrene metabolites, cadmium (Cd), and (Z)-7-(1R,2R,3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-[(E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl]cyclopenyl]hept-5-enoic acid were quantified in urine. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate the ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each biomarker and lung cancer risk.
RESULTS
TNE, NNAL, and Cd were higher in cases than controls (adjusted for age, race, sex, body mass index, and cigarettes per day). Among cases, these levels were higher in African Americans compared with Whites. After accounting for age, sex, body mass index, and pack-years, a one-SD increase in log-TNE (OR = 1.30; 95% CI, 1.10-1.54) and log-NNAL (OR = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.03-1.58 with TNE adjustment) was associated with lung cancer risk. In this study, in which NNAL concentration is relatively high, the association for log-TNE was attenuated after adjustment for log-NNAL.
CONCLUSIONS
Smoking-related biomarkers provide additional information for lung cancer risk in smokers beyond smoking pack-years.
IMPACT
Urinary NNAL, TNE, and Cd concentrations in current smokers, particularly African American smokers, may be useful for predicting lung cancer risk.
背景
在考虑吸烟史后，非裔美国人的肺癌发病率高于白人。在多民族队列研究中，在每日报告吸烟量相似的情况下，非裔美国人的总尼古丁当量（TNE）高于白人。每支香烟摄入更多的有毒物质可能导致非裔美国人患肺癌的风险更高。
方法
在南方社区队列的一项嵌套式病例对照肺癌研究中，对259例病例和503名对照（40%为白人；56%为非裔美国人）进行了与吸烟相关的生物标志物检测。对尿液中的TNE、反式-3-羟基可替宁/可替宁比值、4-（甲基亚硝胺基）-1-（3-吡啶基）-1-丁醇（NNAL）、挥发性有机化合物的巯基尿酸代谢物、菲代谢物、镉（Cd）和（Z）-7-（1R，2R，3R，5S）-3，5-二羟基-2-[(E，3S)-3-羟基辛-1-烯基]环戊基]庚-5-烯酸进行了定量分析。采用非条件逻辑回归估计每种生物标志物与肺癌风险的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
结果
病例组的TNE、NNAL和Cd水平高于对照组（根据年龄、种族、性别、体重指数和每日吸烟量进行调整）。在病例组中，非裔美国人的这些水平高于白人。在考虑年龄、性别、体重指数和吸烟包年数后，log-TNE（OR = 1.30；95% CI，1.10 - 1.54）和log-NNAL（经TNE调整后，OR = 1.27；95% CI，1.03 - 1.58）每增加一个标准差与肺癌风险相关。在本研究中，NNAL浓度相对较高，调整log-NNAL后，log-TNE的相关性减弱。
结论
与吸烟相关的生物标志物为吸烟者的肺癌风险提供了超出吸烟包年数的额外信息。
影响
当前吸烟者，尤其是非裔美国吸烟者尿液中的NNAL、TNE和Cd浓度可能有助于预测肺癌风险。
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