Townsend M C, Enterline P E, Sussman N B, Bonney T B, Rippey L L
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Dec;132(6):1174-80. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1985.132.6.1174.
A cross-sectional study of 1,142 male employees at the Arkansas Operations of a large aluminum production company examined the effect on pulmonary function of chronic exposure to total dust produced in the mining and refining of bauxite and the production of alumina chemicals. Never smokers, ex-smokers, and current smokers were analyzed separately. Among never smokers, a pattern of decreasing FEV1 was observed in relation to increasing duration and cumulative total dust exposure. Among never smokers with cumulative total dust exposures of greater than or equal to 100 mg/m3 yr and greater than or equal to 20 yr of exposure, there was a mean reduction from the predicted FEV1 of 0.29 to 0.39 L, in addition to a 3- to 4-fold excess of observed/expected numbers of subjects with FEV1 less than 80% of predicted. These results were observed relative to an external and an internal comparison group. Among current smokers, the deviations from predicted and the excess numbers of subjects with FEV1 less than 80% of predicted were larger in all exposure groups than for the never smokers. However, the quality of the smoking data was inadequate to allow separation of the effects of smoking and dust exposure.
一项针对一家大型铝生产公司阿肯色州工厂1142名男性员工的横断面研究，考察了长期接触铝土矿开采和精炼以及氧化铝化学品生产过程中产生的总粉尘对肺功能的影响。从不吸烟者、已戒烟者和当前吸烟者被分别进行分析。在从不吸烟者中，观察到随着接触总粉尘的持续时间增加和累积接触量增加，第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）呈下降趋势。在累积总粉尘接触量大于或等于100mg/m³·年且接触时间大于或等于20年的从不吸烟者中，预计FEV1平均降低0.29至0.39升，此外，FEV1低于预计值80%的观察对象与预期数量相比多出3至4倍。这些结果是相对于一个外部比较组和一个内部比较组而言的。在当前吸烟者中，所有接触组中FEV1低于预计值80%的对象与预计值的偏差和超出数量均比从不吸烟者更大。然而，吸烟数据的质量不足以区分吸烟和粉尘接触的影响。
