Ginsburg C M, McCracken G H, Petruska M, Olson K
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1985 Oct;28(4):504-7. doi: 10.1128/AAC.28.4.504.
The pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime axetil were studied in 10 adult volunteers aged 24 to 31 years (mean age, 27), 22 infants and children aged 11 to 68 months (mean age, 33 months), and 11 children aged 7 years, 7 months to 12 years, 3 months (mean age, 11 years, 1 month). Mean peak plasma concentrations of cefuroxime occurred between 90 and 120 min in all study patients and were independent of the fasting or feeding status. The areas under the concentration-time curves were significantly higher in adult volunteers who received cefuroxime axetil with milk than in those who received the drug while fasting or with applesauce. The bioavailability of cefuroxime axetil was significantly enhanced in children by the concomitant ingestion of cefuroxime axetil and infant formula or whole milk. The areas under the concentration-time curves were 25 to 88% higher when cefuroxime axetil and milk were administered simultaneously than when the same dose was given to all fasting patients. The plasma bactericidal activities of cefuroxime against beta-lactamase-positive and -negative strains of Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus at the time of peak plasma concentrations were independent of feeding status and were similar in adults and in children. Against these strains, 52% of the children and 38% of the adults had peak bactericidal levels of 1:8 or greater.
在10名年龄为24至31岁（平均年龄27岁）的成年志愿者、22名年龄为11至68个月（平均年龄33个月）的婴幼儿以及11名年龄为7岁7个月至12岁3个月（平均年龄11岁1个月）的儿童中研究了头孢呋辛酯的药代动力学。所有研究患者的头孢呋辛平均血浆峰浓度出现在90至120分钟之间，且与禁食或进食状态无关。接受头孢呋辛酯与牛奶同服的成年志愿者的浓度-时间曲线下面积显著高于禁食或与苹果酱同服的成年志愿者。同时摄入头孢呋辛酯和婴儿配方奶粉或全脂牛奶可显著提高儿童体内头孢呋辛酯的生物利用度。与所有禁食患者服用相同剂量相比，同时给予头孢呋辛酯和牛奶时，浓度-时间曲线下面积高出25%至88%。在血浆峰浓度时，头孢呋辛对流感嗜血杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的β-内酰胺酶阳性及阴性菌株的血浆杀菌活性与进食状态无关，在成人和儿童中相似。针对这些菌株，52%的儿童和38%的成人的杀菌峰值水平达到1:8或更高。
