Abdeta Tilahun, Firdisa Dawit, Mulugeta Abiy, Dereje Jerman
Department of Psychiatry, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
SAGE Open Med. 2024 May 22;12:20503121241241219. doi: 10.1177/20503121241241219. eCollection 2024.
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is a somatopsychic condition that develops about a week before the start of menstruation and is brought on by fluctuating sex steroid levels that follow an ovulatory menstrual cycle. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of premenstrual dysphoric disorder and associated factors among Haramaya University graduating class female students, in eastern Ethiopia.
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 November 2022 among Haramaya University graduating class female students using a simple random sampling technique. The data were cleaned, coded, and entered into the Epi-data 3.01 before being exported and analyzed with Statistical Package of Social Science 20 versions. The premenstrual dysphoric disorder was assessed by the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision. To identify associated factors a bivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between each independent variable and the outcome variable. The multivariable logistic regression model includes all variables with a -value of less than 0.25 in the bivariate logistic regression analysis. The adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed when the -value was less than 0.05, which was considered statistically significant.
Out of 282 samples, 274 study participants were involved providing a response rate of 97.2%. The prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorders was 64.6% (95% CI: 59.5-70.4). Participants with the irregular menstrual cycle (AOR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.26-4.34), heavy menstrual flow (AOR = 2.53; 95% CI: 1.84-7.59), moderate menstrual flow (AOR = 2.29; 95% CI: 1.02-5.26), severe menstrual pain (AOR = 5.69; 95% CI: 1.86-7.42) and those who have depressive symptoms (AOR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.08-5.68) were variables associated with premenstrual dysphoric disorders.
The prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder was relatively high. Severe menstrual pain, menstrual irregularity, heavy menstrual flow, and a history of depression had significant associations with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. It will be better if higher institution administrators design and implement methods to screen and intervene premenstrual dysphoric disorder among female students.
经前烦躁障碍是一种身心状况，在月经开始前约一周出现，由排卵性月经周期中波动的性类固醇水平引发。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东部哈拉马亚大学毕业班女学生中经前烦躁障碍的严重程度及相关因素。
2022年11月1日至30日，采用简单随机抽样技术，对哈拉马亚大学毕业班女学生进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。数据在清理、编码后录入Epi - data 3.01，然后导出并用社会科学统计软件20版进行分析。经前烦躁障碍采用《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版修订本的诊断标准进行评估。为确定相关因素，进行了双变量逻辑回归分析，以确定每个自变量与结果变量之间的关联。多变量逻辑回归模型包括双变量逻辑回归分析中P值小于0.25的所有变量。当P值小于0.05时计算调整后的比值比及95%置信区间，P值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
在282个样本中，274名研究参与者参与，应答率为97.2%。经前烦躁障碍的患病率为64.6%（95%可信区间：59.5 - 70.4）。月经周期不规律（调整后的比值比 = 2.24；95%可信区间：1.26 - 4.34）、月经量多（调整后的比值比 = 2.53；95%可信区间：1.84 - 7.59）、月经量中等（调整后的比值比 = 2.29；95%可信区间：1.02 - 5.26）、痛经严重（调整后的比值比 = 5.69；95%可信区间：1.86 - 7.42）以及有抑郁症状的参与者（调整后的比值比 = 2.46，95%可信区间：1.08 - 5.68）是与经前烦躁障碍相关的变量。
经前烦躁障碍的患病率相对较高。痛经严重、月经不规律、月经量多以及有抑郁病史与经前烦躁障碍有显著关联。高等院校管理人员设计并实施针对女学生经前烦躁障碍的筛查和干预方法会更好。
