Dementia Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea.
Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
Cells. 2024 May 7;13(10):789. doi: 10.3390/cells13100789.
Modern medicine has allowed for many advances in neurological and neurodegenerative disease (ND). However, the number of patients suffering from brain diseases is ever increasing and the treatment of brain diseases remains an issue, as drug efficacy is dramatically reduced due to the existence of the unique vascular structure, namely the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Several approaches to enhance drug delivery to the brain have been investigated but many have proven to be unsuccessful due to limited transport or damage induced in the BBB. Alternative approaches to enhance molecular delivery to the brain have been revealed in recent studies through the existence of molecular delivery pathways that regulate the passage of peripheral molecules. In this review, we present recent advancements of the basic research for these delivery pathways as well as examples of promising ventures to overcome the molecular hurdles that will enhance therapeutic interventions in the brain and potentially save the lives of millions of patients.
现代医学在神经学和神经退行性疾病（ND）方面取得了许多进展。然而，患有脑部疾病的患者人数不断增加，脑部疾病的治疗仍然是一个问题，因为由于独特的血管结构（即血脑屏障（BBB））的存在，药物的疗效大大降低。已经研究了几种增强药物向大脑输送的方法，但由于 BBB 中的有限转运或诱导的损伤，许多方法都被证明是不成功的。最近的研究揭示了通过存在调节外周分子通过的分子传递途径来增强分子向大脑传递的替代方法。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了这些传递途径的基础研究的最新进展，以及克服分子障碍的有前途的尝试的例子，这些障碍将增强大脑中的治疗干预措施，并有可能挽救数百万患者的生命。
