Ahotupa Markku
Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland.
Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Apr 24;13(5):512. doi: 10.3390/antiox13050512.
Cholesterol has for decades ruled the history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and the present view of the etiology of the disease is based on the transport of cholesterol by plasma lipoproteins. The new knowledge of the lipoprotein-specific transport of lipid oxidation products (LOPs) has introduced another direction to the research of CVD, revealing strong associations between lipoprotein transport functions, atherogenic LOP, and CVD. The aim of this review is to present the evidence of the lipoprotein-specific transport of LOP and to evaluate the potential consequences of the proposed role of the LOP transport as a risk factor. The associations of cholesterol and lipoprotein LOP with the known risk factors of CVD are mostly parallel, and because of the common transport and cellular intake mechanisms it is difficult to ascertain the independent effects of either cholesterol or LOP. While cholesterol is known to have important physiological functions, LOPs are merely regarded as metabolic residues and able to initiate and boost atherogenic processes. It is therefore likely that with the increased knowledge of the lipoprotein-specific transport of LOP, the role of cholesterol as a risk factor of CVD will be challenged.
几十年来，胆固醇主导着动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（CVD）的研究历程，目前对该疾病病因的认识基于血浆脂蛋白对胆固醇的转运。脂质氧化产物（LOP）特定脂蛋白转运的新知识为CVD研究引入了另一个方向，揭示了脂蛋白转运功能、致动脉粥样硬化性LOP与CVD之间的紧密关联。本综述的目的是展示LOP特定脂蛋白转运的证据，并评估所提出的LOP转运作为危险因素的潜在后果。胆固醇和脂蛋白LOP与已知CVD危险因素的关联大多是平行的，并且由于共同的转运和细胞摄取机制，很难确定胆固醇或LOP的独立作用。虽然已知胆固醇具有重要的生理功能，但LOP仅被视为代谢残余物，能够启动并促进动脉粥样硬化进程。因此，随着对LOP特定脂蛋白转运知识的增加，胆固醇作为CVD危险因素的作用可能会受到挑战。
