College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Molecules. 2024 May 10;29(10):2248. doi: 10.3390/molecules29102248.
Flavonoids, a class of phenolic compounds, are one of the main functional components and have a wide range of molecular structures and biological activities in . A few of them, including homoisoflavonoids, chalcones, isoflavones, and flavones, were identified in and displayed a wide range of powerful biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-viral, and blood sugar regulation. However, few studies have systematically been published on the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in Hua. Therefore, in the present study, a combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis was performed on the leaf, stem, rhizome, and root tissues of to uncover the synthesis pathway of flavonoids and to identify key regulatory genes. Flavonoid-targeted metabolomics detected a total of 65 active substances from four different tissues, among which 49 substances were first study to identify in , and 38 substances were flavonoids. A total of 19 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) (five flavonols, three flavones, two dihydrochalcones, two flavanones, one flavanol, five phenylpropanoids, and one coumarin) were finally screened by KEGG enrichment analysis. Transcriptome analysis indicated that a total of 222 unigenes encoding 28 enzymes were annotated into three flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, which were "phenylpropanoid biosynthesis", "flavonoid biosynthesis", and "flavone and flavonol biosynthesis". The combined analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome revealed that 37 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) encoding 11 enzymes (C4H, PAL, 4CL, CHS, CHI, F3H, DFR, LAR, ANR, FNS, FLS) and 19 DAMs were more likely to be regulated in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. The expression of 11 DEGs was validated by qRT-PCR, resulting in good agreement with the RNA-Seq. Our studies provide a theoretical basis for further elucidating the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in .
类黄酮是一类酚类化合物，是主要功能成分之一，具有广泛的分子结构和生物活性。其中一些，包括异黄酮、查尔酮、异黄酮和黄酮，在 中被鉴定出来，并表现出广泛的强大的生物活性，如抗癌、抗病毒和调节血糖。然而，关于 中类黄酮生物合成途径的系统研究很少。因此，本研究对 叶、茎、根茎和根组织进行了转录组和代谢组联合分析，以揭示类黄酮的合成途径，并鉴定关键调控基因。类黄酮靶向代谢组学检测到来自四个不同组织的 65 种活性物质，其中 49 种物质是首次在 中鉴定出来的，38 种物质是类黄酮。通过 KEGG 富集分析最终筛选出 19 种差异积累代谢物（DAMs）（五种黄酮醇、三种黄酮、两种二氢查尔酮、两种黄烷酮、一种黄烷醇、五种苯丙烷和一种香豆素）。转录组分析表明，共有 222 个编码 28 种酶的基因被注释到三个类黄酮生物合成途径中，即“苯丙烷生物合成”、“类黄酮生物合成”和“黄酮和黄酮醇生物合成”。代谢组和转录组的综合分析表明，11 种酶（C4H、PAL、4CL、CHS、CHI、F3H、DFR、LAR、ANR、FNS、FLS）编码的 37 个差异表达基因（DEGs）和 19 个 DAMs 更有可能在类黄酮生物合成途径中受到调控。通过 qRT-PCR 验证了 11 个 DEGs 的表达情况，结果与 RNA-Seq 结果吻合较好。我们的研究为进一步阐明 中类黄酮生物合成途径提供了理论依据。
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