Mohapatra Srishti, Wisidagama Sharadha, Schifano Fabrizio
General Internal Medicine Doctorate Programme, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK.
Hertfordshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Hatfield AL10 8YE, UK.
J Clin Med. 2024 May 14;13(10):2896. doi: 10.3390/jcm13102896.
Electronic cigarettes or vapes are battery-operated devices that heat a liquid, often containing nicotine and flavouring substances, to produce an inhalable aerosol. Despite being used as an alternative to traditional smoking, many studies have reported their health risks and ineffectiveness in smoking cessation. The impact of e-cigarettes on weight control behaviours, a known effect of traditional cigarette smoking, is unclear. Herein, a systematic review was conducted to explore the relationship between e-cigarette use and body weight changes in adolescents and young adults. The existing literature from databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar until October 2023 was searched and included in the review. The methodological quality of all selected studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklists for Studies. Out of 5117 citations, 20 publications featuring cross-sectional studies with adolescent participants were qualitatively analysed. The high rates of e-cigarette usage seemed to correlate with increased weight concerns, particularly among females. Regular e-cigarette users who reported being overweight and used calorie restriction for weight reduction were more likely to view vaping as a weight loss or control strategy. Young adults (<24 years) may consume more flavoured e-cigarettes than older users (>25 years). This study revealed a significant use of e-cigarettes among high school students, driven by taste preferences, weight management, and perceived harm reduction. Particularly among girls facing body image pressures, vaping serves as a weight control method. This highlights the need to assess cardiovascular risks and advocate for further research, including longitudinal studies, to inform public health strategies effectively.
电子烟是一种由电池供电的装置，它加热一种通常含有尼古丁和调味物质的液体，以产生可吸入的气溶胶。尽管电子烟被用作传统吸烟的替代品，但许多研究报告了其健康风险以及在戒烟方面的无效性。电子烟对体重控制行为的影响尚不清楚，而传统吸烟已知会对体重控制行为产生影响。在此，我们进行了一项系统综述，以探讨青少年和年轻人使用电子烟与体重变化之间的关系。我们检索了截至2023年10月来自PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、Embase、Science Direct、Web of Science、Scopus和谷歌学术等数据库的现有文献，并将其纳入综述。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（JBI）的研究批判性评价清单对所有选定研究的方法学质量进行评估。在5117篇文献中，对20篇以青少年为参与者的横断面研究进行了定性分析。电子烟的高使用率似乎与对体重的担忧增加有关，尤其是在女性中。报告超重并使用热量限制来减轻体重的经常使用电子烟的人更有可能将吸电子烟视为一种减肥或控制体重的策略。年轻人（<24岁）可能比年长用户（>25岁）消费更多口味的电子烟。这项研究揭示了高中生中电子烟的大量使用，其驱动因素包括口味偏好、体重管理和感知到的危害降低。特别是在面临身体形象压力的女孩中，吸电子烟是一种体重控制方法。这突出了评估心血管风险并倡导进一步研究（包括纵向研究）以有效为公共卫生策略提供信息的必要性。
