Janda J Michael, Duman Muhammed
Kern County Public Health Laboratory, Bakersfield, CA 93306, USA.
Aquatic Animal Disease Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey.
Microorganisms. 2024 May 20;12(5):1031. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12051031.
The genus , previously residing in the family Enterobacteriaceae and now a member of the family , is currently composed of five species, although the taxonomy of this genus is still unsettled. The genus can primarily be divided into two pathogenic groups: strains are responsible for almost all human infections, and two other species (, ) cause diseases in fish. Human infections predominate in subtropical habitats of the world and in specific geospatial regions with gastrointestinal disease, bloodborne infections, and wound infections, the most common clinical presentations in decreasing order. Gastroenteritis can present in many different forms and mimic other intestinal disturbances. Chronic gastroenteritis is not uncommon. Septicemia is primarily found in persons with comorbid conditions including malignancies and liver disease. Mortality rates range from 9% to 28%. Most human infections are linked to one of several risk factors associated with freshwater or marine environments such as seafood consumption. In contrast, edwardsiellosis in fish is caused by two other species, in particular . Both and can cause massive outbreaks of disease in aquaculture systems worldwide, including enteric septicemia in channel catfish and tilapia. Collectively, these species are increasingly being recognized as important pathogens in clinical and veterinary medicine. This article highlights and provides a current perspective on the taxonomy, microbiology, epidemiology, and pathogenicity of this increasingly important group.
该属以前隶属于肠杆菌科，现在是 科的成员，目前由五个物种组成，尽管该属的分类学仍未确定。该属主要可分为两个致病组： 菌株几乎导致所有人类感染，另外两个物种（ 、 ）在鱼类中引发疾病。人类感染在世界亚热带栖息地以及胃肠道疾病、血行感染和伤口感染等特定地理区域占主导地位，按常见程度从高到低排列，这些是最常见的临床表现。肠胃炎可以有多种不同形式，并可类似其他肠道疾病。慢性肠胃炎并不罕见。败血症主要见于患有包括恶性肿瘤和肝病在内的合并症的患者。死亡率在9%至28%之间。大多数人类感染与淡水或海洋环境相关的几种风险因素之一有关，例如食用海鲜。相比之下，鱼类爱德华氏菌病由另外两个物种引起，特别是 。 和 都可在全球水产养殖系统中引发大规模疾病暴发，包括斑点叉尾鮰和罗非鱼的肠道败血症。总体而言，这些物种越来越被认为是临床和兽医学中的重要病原体。本文重点介绍了这个日益重要的菌群，并就其分类学、微生物学、流行病学和致病性提供了当前观点。
