Department of Molecular Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
Research Institute, The World New Prosperity (WNP), Tokyo 169-0075, Japan.
Viruses. 2024 Apr 24;16(5):666. doi: 10.3390/v16050666.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) latency represents a significant hurdle in finding a cure for HIV-1 infections, despite tireless research efforts. This challenge is partly attributed to the intricate nature of HIV-1 latency, wherein various host and viral factors participate in multiple physiological processes. While substantial progress has been made in discovering therapeutic targets for HIV-1 transcription, targets for the post-transcriptional regulation of HIV-1 infections have received less attention. However, cumulative evidence now suggests the pivotal contribution of post-transcriptional regulation to the viral latency in both in vitro models and infected individuals. In this review, we explore recent insights on post-transcriptional latency in HIV-1 and discuss the potential of its therapeutic targets, illustrating some host factors that restrict HIV-1 at the post-transcriptional level.
人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 型（HIV-1）潜伏期是找到 HIV-1 感染治疗方法的一个重大障碍，尽管研究人员不懈努力。这一挑战部分归因于 HIV-1 潜伏期的复杂性质，其中各种宿主和病毒因素参与多个生理过程。虽然在发现 HIV-1 转录的治疗靶点方面取得了重大进展，但 HIV-1 感染的转录后调控靶点受到的关注较少。然而，现在有累积的证据表明，转录后调控对体外模型和感染个体中的病毒潜伏期有重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了 HIV-1 转录后潜伏期的最新研究进展，并讨论了其治疗靶点的潜力，举例说明了一些在转录后水平限制 HIV-1 的宿主因素。
