Laboratory of Mechanical Engineering, Centro de Investigación en Tecnologías Navales e Industriales (CITENI), Campus Industrial de Ferrol, University of La Coruña, 15403 Ferrol, Spain.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 May 10;24(10):3042. doi: 10.3390/s24103042.
Experimental validation of computational simulations is important because it provides empirical evidence to verify the accuracy and reliability of the simulated results. This validation ensures that the simulation accurately represents real-world phenomena, increasing confidence in the model's predictive capabilities and its applicability to practical scenarios. The use of musculoskeletal models in orthopedic surgery allows for objective prediction of postoperative function and optimization of results for each patient. To ensure that simulations are trustworthy and can be used for predictive purposes, comparing simulation results with experimental data is crucial. Although progress has been made in obtaining 3D bone geometry and estimating contact forces, validation of these predictions has been limited due to the lack of direct in vivo measurements and the economic and ethical constraints associated with available alternatives. In this study, an existing commercial surgical training station was transformed into a sensorized test bench to replicate a knee subject to a total knee replacement. The original knee inserts of the training station were replaced with personalized 3D-printed bones incorporating their corresponding implants, and multiple sensors with their respective supports were added. The recorded movement of the patella was used in combination with the forces recorded by the pressure sensor and the load cells, to validate the results obtained from the simulation, which was performed by means of a multibody dynamics formulation implemented in a custom-developed library. The utilization of 3D-printed models and sensors facilitated cost-effective and replicable experimental validation of computational simulations, thereby advancing orthopedic surgery while circumventing ethical concerns.
实验验证对于计算模拟非常重要，因为它提供了经验证据来验证模拟结果的准确性和可靠性。这种验证确保了模拟能够准确地反映实际现象，从而增强了对模型预测能力及其在实际场景中应用的信心。在矫形外科手术中使用肌肉骨骼模型可以客观地预测术后功能，并优化每个患者的结果。为了确保模拟的可信度并能够用于预测目的，将模拟结果与实验数据进行比较至关重要。尽管在获取 3D 骨骼几何形状和估计接触力方面已经取得了进展，但由于缺乏直接的体内测量以及与可用替代方法相关的经济和伦理限制，这些预测的验证受到了限制。在这项研究中，将现有的商业手术培训站改造成一个带有传感器的测试台，以复制接受全膝关节置换术的膝关节。培训站的原始膝关节插入物被替换为个性化的 3D 打印骨骼，其中包含了相应的植入物，并添加了多个带有各自支撑物的传感器。髌骨的记录运动与压力传感器和称重传感器记录的力相结合，用于验证通过在定制开发的库中实现的多体动力学公式进行的模拟所获得的结果。使用 3D 打印模型和传感器实现了计算模拟的具有成本效益且可重复的实验验证，从而推进了矫形外科手术，同时避免了伦理问题。
