Kumar Neeraj, Eisner Zachary J, Saha Shivangi, Kumar Vinay, Singhal Maneesh
Department of Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, A.I.I.M.S., New Delhi, India.
University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
J Burn Care Res. 2025 Jan 24;46(1):117-122. doi: 10.1093/jbcr/irae091.
Pediatric burns pose a significant health burden in low and middle-income countries. Despite efforts to address burn prevention and management, morbidity and mortality rates remain high, particularly among children. Understanding pediatric burn epidemiology and predictors of clinical outcomes is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies and improving patient care. This retrospective cohort study analyzed pediatric burn patients admitted to a tertiary burn centre in India between March 2022 and December 2023. Demographic data, burn characteristics, treatments, complications, and outcomes were collected. Statistical analysis, including logistic and linear regression, was conducted to identify predictors of mortality, sepsis, and hospital stay length. Among 332 pediatric burn patients, the median age was 3 years, with a male predominance. Scald burns were the most common, followed by electrical and flame burns. Median total body surface area (TBSA) burned was 20%, with the upper and lower extremities most affected. The incidence of electrical burns increased with age and was associated with a longer length of stay. Mortality rate was 14.2%, with age >10 years, male gender, and TBSA >30% predicting mortality. Complications like sepsis significantly increased mortality risk, while deep burns were associated with longer hospital stays. This study underscores the importance of targeted prevention efforts and specialized care. Scald burns among young children highlight the need for safer cooking practices, while the high incidence of electrical burns in older children suggests that age-specific education interventions are necessary. Predictors of mortality identified can guide risk assessment and resource allocation, emphasizing the importance of infection control and wound management strategies in improving outcomes.
在低收入和中等收入国家，小儿烧伤构成了重大的健康负担。尽管在烧伤预防和管理方面做出了努力，但发病率和死亡率仍然很高，尤其是在儿童中。了解小儿烧伤流行病学和临床结局的预测因素对于制定有效的预防策略和改善患者护理至关重要。这项回顾性队列研究分析了2022年3月至2023年12月期间入住印度一家三级烧伤中心的小儿烧伤患者。收集了人口统计学数据、烧伤特征、治疗方法、并发症和结局。进行了包括逻辑回归和线性回归在内的统计分析，以确定死亡率、脓毒症和住院时间长度的预测因素。在332例小儿烧伤患者中，中位年龄为3岁，男性居多。烫伤是最常见的，其次是电击伤和火焰烧伤。烧伤的中位总体表面积（TBSA）为20%，上肢和下肢受影响最大。电击伤的发生率随年龄增长而增加，且与住院时间延长有关。死亡率为14.2%，年龄>10岁、男性性别和TBSA>30%可预测死亡率。脓毒症等并发症显著增加了死亡风险，而深度烧伤与住院时间延长有关。这项研究强调了有针对性的预防措施和专科护理的重要性。幼儿烫伤突出了更安全烹饪做法的必要性，而大龄儿童电击伤的高发生率表明有必要开展针对特定年龄的教育干预措施。确定的死亡率预测因素可指导风险评估和资源分配，强调感染控制和伤口管理策略在改善结局方面的重要性。
