Research Center of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Center for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Sci Rep. 2024 May 25;14(1):11982. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-61727-7.
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is the cardiac visceral fat depot proposed to play a role in the etiology of various cardiovascular disease outcomes. Little is known about EAT determinants in a general population. We examined cardiometabolic, dietary, lifestyle and socioeconomic determinants of echocardiograpghically measured EAT in early adulthood. Data on cardiometabolic, dietary, lifestyle and socioeconomic factors were collected from participants of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (YFS; N = 1667; age 34-49 years). EAT thickness was measured from parasternal long axis echocardiograms. Multivariable regression analysis was used to study potential EAT determinants. Possible effect modification of sex was addressed. Mean EAT thickness was 4.07 mm (95% CI 4.00-4.17). Multivariable analysis [β indicating percentage of change in EAT(mm) per one unit increase in determinant variable] indicated female sex (β = 11.0, P < 0.0001), type 2 diabetes (β = 14.0, P = 0.02), waist circumference (cm) (β = 0.38, P < 0.0001), systolic blood pressure (mmHg) (β = 0.18, P = 0.02) and red meat intake (g/day) (β = 0.02, P = 0.05) as EAT determinants. Sex-specific analysis revealed age (year) (β = 0.59, P = 0.01), alcohol intake (drinks/day) (β = 4.69, P = 0.006), heavy drinking (yes/no) (β = 30.4, P < 0.0001) as EAT determinants in women and fruit intake (g/day) (β = -1.0, P = 0.04) in men. In the YFS cohort, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and red meat intake were directly associated with EAT among all participants. In women, age, alcohol intake, heavy drinking and type 2 diabetes associated directly with EAT, while an inverse association was observed between fruit intake and EAT in men.
心外膜脂肪组织 (EAT) 是心脏内脏脂肪库，据推测它在各种心血管疾病结果的发病机制中起作用。对于一般人群中 EAT 的决定因素知之甚少。我们研究了成年早期超声心动图测量的 EAT 的心脏代谢、饮食、生活方式和社会经济决定因素。心血管风险在年轻的芬兰人研究 (YFS; N=1667; 年龄 34-49 岁) 的参与者中收集了与心脏代谢、饮食、生活方式和社会经济因素相关的数据。EAT 厚度从胸骨旁长轴超声心动图测量。多变量回归分析用于研究潜在的 EAT 决定因素。还探讨了性别的可能影响修饰作用。平均 EAT 厚度为 4.07mm(95%CI 4.00-4.17)。多变量分析[表示每增加一个决定变量，EAT(mm)的百分比变化的β]表明女性(β=11.0，P<0.0001)、2 型糖尿病(β=14.0，P=0.02)、腰围(cm)(β=0.38，P<0.0001)、收缩压(mmHg)(β=0.18，P=0.02)和红肉摄入量(g/天)(β=0.02，P=0.05)是 EAT 的决定因素。性别特异性分析显示年龄(岁)(β=0.59，P=0.01)、饮酒量(杯/天)(β=4.69，P=0.006)、重度饮酒(是/否)(β=30.4，P<0.0001)是女性 EAT 的决定因素，男性的水果摄入量(g/天)(β=-1.0，P=0.04)是 EAT 的决定因素。在 YFS 队列中，腰围、收缩压和红肉摄入量与所有参与者的 EAT 直接相关。在女性中，年龄、饮酒量、重度饮酒和 2 型糖尿病与 EAT 直接相关，而男性的 EAT 与水果摄入量呈负相关。
