Shamshiri Nayereh, Fattahi Reza, Mani-Varnosfaderani Ahmad, Barzegar Mohsen, Sahari Mohammad Ali
Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran.
Food Chem X. 2024 May 10;22:101455. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101455. eCollection 2024 Jun 30.
There is a lack of a reliable tool for quickly determining the geographical origins of saffron (SFR). Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) has emerged as a promising method for rapid authentication. In this study, 232 Iranian SFR samples harvested in five distinct areas (Khorasan, Azerbaijan, Golestan, Fars, and Isfahan) were analyzed by IMS coupled with chemometric methods. The principal component analysis (PCA) was applied for analyzing the collected IMS data, utilizing three principle components (PCs) that accounted for 81 % of the explained variance. Moreover, the partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) demonstrated the average sensitivity and specificity rates, of 72.3 % to 92.5 % for the exernal test set and 75.5 % to 94.3 % for training set. The accuracy values were ≥ 85.0 % for the prediction set for all classes of samples. The results of this study revealed a successful application of IMS and chemometric methods for rapid geographical authentication of saffron samples in Iran.
目前缺乏一种可靠的工具来快速确定藏红花（SFR）的地理来源。离子迁移谱（IMS）已成为一种有前景的快速鉴定方法。在本研究中，采用离子迁移谱结合化学计量学方法，对在五个不同地区（呼罗珊、阿塞拜疆、戈勒斯坦、法尔斯和伊斯法罕）采集的232份伊朗藏红花样本进行了分析。主成分分析（PCA）用于分析收集到的离子迁移谱数据，利用三个主成分（PC）解释了81%的方差。此外，偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）表明，外部测试集的平均灵敏度和特异度分别为72.3%至92.5%，训练集为75.5%至94.3%。所有类别样本预测集的准确率值均≥85.0%。本研究结果表明，离子迁移谱和化学计量学方法成功应用于伊朗藏红花样本的快速地理鉴定。
