Yuan Lexin, Ye Junrong, Wang Wen, Xiao Aixiang, Zhou Ying, Lin Weiquan, Wei Yanheng, Smith Graeme D, Wu Jialan, Tang Qiubi, Lu Xueling, Yang Hang
Guangzhou Medical University, School of Nursing, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Nursing Administration, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Alpha Psychiatry. 2024 Mar 1;25(2):262-268. doi: 10.5152/alphapsychiatry.2023.1470. eCollection 2024 Mar.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effectiveness of arithmetic and drawing writing on communication skills, quality of life, and cognitive impairment among people with mild and moderate dementia.
We recruited 45 patients diagnosed with mild-to-moderate dementia into this study. The participants were randomly divided into arithmetic group (n = 14), drawing writing group (n = 16), and control group (n = 15). The arithmetic group was educated to understand the addition and subtraction formulas, then wrote down the correct answers between the number of 20 and 100. The drawing writing group was guided to name, draw, and write a given object. Both were trained by therapist for 12 weeks (40 minutes per week). Blinded assessors measured global cognitive function, communication skills, and quality of life using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale, the subscales of Functional Assessment of Communication Skills scale and Quality of Life-Alzheimer's Disease scale at baseline and after 12 weeks' intervention.
After the 12-week intervention, the participants with mild-to-moderate dementia of the arithmetic writing group and the drawing writing group showed statistically significant improvement in communication skills and quality of life compared with the control group (social communication: 6.00 ± 0.69 vs. 6.06 ± 0.92 vs. 3.98 ± 1.33; basic needs communication: 6.32 ± 0.48 vs. 6.42 ± 0.53 vs. 4.25 ± 1.49; quality of life: 33.23 ± 5.34 vs. 34.07 ± 3.49 vs. 25.07 ± 2.60). In addition, MMSE scores of the arithmetic group tended to improve after the 12-week intervention (14.77 ± 3.06 vs. 17.31 ± 4.80, .01), but stabled in drawing writing group (14.27 ± 4.28 vs. 14.53 ± 5.26, .05) and significant decreased in the control group (13.73 ± 2.58 vs. 10.13 ± 3.23, .01).
Arithmetic, drawing, and writing are effective in improving communication skills and quality of life; arithmetic also could delay the decline of cognitive function in people with mild-to-moderate dementia.
本研究旨在探讨算术和绘画写作对轻中度痴呆患者沟通能力、生活质量及认知障碍的有效性。
我们招募了45名被诊断为轻中度痴呆的患者参与本研究。参与者被随机分为算术组（n = 14）、绘画写作组（n = 16）和对照组（n = 15）。算术组接受教育以理解加减法公式，然后写出20到100之间的正确答案。绘画写作组则被引导对给定物体进行命名、绘画和书写。两组均由治疗师训练12周（每周40分钟）。在基线和12周干预后，由盲法评估者使用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）量表、沟通技能功能评估量表的子量表以及阿尔茨海默病生活质量量表来测量整体认知功能、沟通能力和生活质量。
经过12周的干预，算术写作组和绘画写作组的轻中度痴呆参与者在沟通能力和生活质量方面与对照组相比有统计学意义的改善（社交沟通：6.00±0.69对6.06±0.92对3.98±1.33；基本需求沟通：6.32±0.48对6.42±0.53对4.25±1.49；生活质量：33.23±5.34对34.07±3.49对25.07±2.60）。此外，算术组在12周干预后的MMSE分数有改善趋势（14.77±3.06对17.31±4.80，P<0.01），但绘画写作组分数稳定（14.27±4.28对14.53±5.26，P>0.05），而对照组分数显著下降（13.73±2.58对10.13±3.23，P<0.01）。
算术、绘画和写作在改善沟通能力和生活质量方面是有效的；算术还可以延缓轻中度痴呆患者认知功能的衰退。
