Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
PeerJ. 2024 May 21;12:e17388. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17388. eCollection 2024.
The loblolly pine ( L.) is one of the most profitable forest species worldwide owing to its quick growth, high wood yields, and strong adaptability. The gene family plays a widespread role in the physiological processes of plant defense responses and the biosynthesis of metabolites. Nevertheless, there are no reports on this gene family in loblolly pine (). In this study, a total of 303 members of the gene family were identified. Through multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis, they were classified into four subfamilies, including AP2 (34), RAV (17), ERF (251), and Soloist (1). An analysis of the conservation domains, conserved motifs, and gene structure revealed that every PtAP2/ERF transcription factor (TF) had at least one AP2 domain. While evolutionary conservation was displayed within the same subfamilies, the distribution of conserved domains, conserved motifs, and gene architectures varied between subfamilies. Cis-element analysis revealed abundant light-responsive elements, phytohormone-responsive elements, and stress-responsive elements in the promoter of the genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of potential target genes showed that the gene family might play a critical role in plant growth and development, the response to environmental stresses, and metabolite biosynthesis. Utilizing quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), we examined the expression patterns of 10 randomly selected genes from Group IX after 6 h of treatments with mechanical injury, ethephon (Eth), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA). The gene family in the loblolly pine was systematically analyzed for the first time in this study, offering a theoretical basis for exploring the functions and applications of genes.
火炬松（L.）是世界上最盈利的森林物种之一，因为它生长迅速、木材产量高、适应性强。基因家族在植物防御反应的生理过程和代谢物的生物合成中起着广泛的作用。然而，在火炬松（）中没有关于这个基因家族的报道。在本研究中，共鉴定了 303 个基因家族成员。通过多重序列比对和系统发育分析，它们被分为四个亚家族，包括 AP2（34 个）、RAV（17 个）、ERF（251 个）和 Soloist（1 个）。保守结构域、保守基序和基因结构分析表明，每个 PtAP2/ERF 转录因子（TF）都至少有一个 AP2 结构域。虽然在同一亚家族中显示出进化保守性，但保守结构域、保守基序和基因结构的分布在亚家族之间有所不同。顺式作用元件分析表明，基因启动子中存在丰富的光响应元件、植物激素响应元件和应激响应元件。潜在靶基因的基因本体论（GO）和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）分析表明，基因家族可能在植物生长发育、对环境胁迫的反应和代谢物生物合成中发挥关键作用。利用定量实时 PCR（qRT-PCR），我们检测了 10 个随机选择的基因在机械损伤、乙烯利（Eth）和茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）处理 6 小时后的表达模式。本研究首次对火炬松的基因家族进行了系统分析，为探索基因的功能和应用提供了理论依据。
