Jambura Patrick L, Solonin Sergey V, Cooper Samuel L A, Mychko Eduard V, Arkhangelsky Maxim S, Türtscher Julia, Amadori Manuel, Stumpf Sebastian, Vodorezov Alexey V, Kriwet Jürgen
Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Vienna Doctoral School of Ecology and Evolution (VDSEE), University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
Cretac Res. 2024 Mar;155:105779. doi: 10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105779.
Upper Cretaceous coastal marine deposits are widespread in the Southern Urals with a number of marine vertebrates previously reported from this region. However, previous studies on the vertebrate faunas in this region often lack detailed taxonomic descriptions and illustrations, rendering comparisons to other faunal assemblages difficult. A new diverse vertebrate assemblage comprising cartilaginous and bony fishes, as well as marine reptiles, is described here from the Orenburg region near Akkermanovka (Southern Urals, Russia). Thirty five taxa are identified, including three holocephalans ( sp., , Chimaeroid indet.), two hybodontiform sharks ( sp., cf. sp.), 17 neoselachians ( cf. sp., sp., ex gr. . cf. ), a holostean (Lepisosteidae indet.), nine teleosts ( sp., Saurodontidae indet., cf. sp., Pachyrhizodontidae indet., . cf. . spp., Alepisauroidei indet.), two plesiosaurs (Polycotylidae indet., Plesiosauria indet.), and one mosasaurid (Tylosaurinae indet.). Based on the faunal assemblage, a Santonian-?early Campanian age is proposed. Lamniform sharks are the best represented group in terms of taxic diversity and relative abundance, probably reflecting the peak in diversity this group experienced following the Cenomanian radiation in the Late Cretaceous. The faunal assemblage of Akkermanovka exhibits significant taxonomic overlaps with assemblages reported from Asia and North America, but not from Southern Hemisphere continents, indicating east-west dispersal of several marine taxa during the Late Cretaceous.
上白垩统沿海海洋沉积物在南乌拉尔地区广泛分布，此前已有一些海洋脊椎动物在此区域被报道。然而，此前对该地区脊椎动物群的研究往往缺乏详细的分类描述和插图，这使得与其他动物群组合进行比较变得困难。本文描述了一个来自俄罗斯南乌拉尔阿克曼诺夫卡附近奥伦堡地区的新的多样化脊椎动物组合，包括软骨鱼和硬骨鱼以及海洋爬行动物。已识别出35个分类单元，包括三种全头类（ 属， 属，软骨鱼未定种）、两种异齿鲨类鲨鱼（ 属，cf. 属）、17种真鲨类（ cf. 属， 属， 类群 cf. ）、一种全骨鱼（雀鳝科未定种）、九种硬骨鱼（ 属，锯颌鱼科未定种，cf. 属，厚根齿鱼科未定种， cf. spp.， 亚目未定种）、两种蛇颈龙（薄板龙科未定种，蛇颈龙目未定种）和一种沧龙科（ tylosaurinae未定种）。基于动物群组合，提出了桑托阶 -？早坎帕阶的年代。从分类多样性和相对丰度来看，鼠鲨目鲨鱼是最具代表性的类群，这可能反映了该类群在晚白垩世森诺曼阶辐射后经历的多样性峰值。阿克曼诺夫卡的动物群组合与亚洲和北美报道的组合存在显著的分类重叠，但与南半球大陆的组合没有重叠，这表明晚白垩世期间几种海洋类群的东西向扩散。
