Gioiosa Maurno Nahuel, Phillips-Silver Jessica, Daza González María Teresa
Department of Psychology, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
CIBIS Research Center, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2024 May 9;15:1369941. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1369941. eCollection 2024.
The impact of deafness on visual attention has been widely discussed in previous research. It has been noted that deficiencies and strengths of previous research can be attributed to temporal or spatial aspects of attention, as well as variations in development and clinical characteristics. Visual attention is categorized into three networks: orienting (exogenous and endogenous), alerting (phasic and tonic), and executive control. This study aims to contribute new neuroscientific evidence supporting this hypothesis. This paper presents a systematic review of the international literature from the past 15 years focused on visual attention in the deaf population. The final review included 24 articles. The function of the orienting network is found to be enhanced in deaf adults and children, primarily observed in native signers without cochlear implants, while endogenous orienting is observed only in the context of gaze cues in children, with no differences found in adults. Results regarding alerting and executive function vary depending on clinical characteristics and paradigms used. Implications for future research on visual attention in the deaf population are discussed.
耳聋对视觉注意力的影响在以往研究中已得到广泛讨论。人们注意到，以往研究的不足与优势可归因于注意力的时间或空间方面，以及发展和临床特征的差异。视觉注意力可分为三个网络：定向（外源性和内源性）、警觉（阶段性和持续性）和执行控制。本研究旨在提供支持这一假设的新神经科学证据。本文对过去15年聚焦聋人群体视觉注意力的国际文献进行了系统综述。最终纳入综述的文章有24篇。研究发现，聋成年人和儿童的定向网络功能增强，主要在未植入人工耳蜗的母语手语使用者中观察到，而内源性定向仅在儿童的注视线索情境中观察到，成年人中未发现差异。关于警觉和执行功能的结果因临床特征和所用范式而异。文中讨论了对未来聋人群体视觉注意力研究的启示。
