Wang Zhedong, Qian Chao, Lin Pujing, Zheng Bin, Kim Gyeongtae, Noh Jaebum, Li Erping, Rho Junsuk, Chen Hongsheng
ZJU-UIUC Institute, Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center, Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
Adv Mater. 2024 Aug;36(31):e2400797. doi: 10.1002/adma.202400797. Epub 2024 May 31.
A crucial aspect in shielding a variety of advanced electronic devices from electromagnetic detection involves controlling the flow of electromagnetic waves, akin to invisibility cloaks. Decades ago, the exploration of transformation optics heralded the dawn of modern invisibility cloaks, which has stimulated immense interest across various physical scenarios. However, most prior research is simplified to low-dimensional and stationary hidden objects, limiting their practical applicability in a dynamically changing world. This study develops a 3D large-scale intelligent cloak capable of remaining undetectable even in non-stationary conditions. By employing thousand-level reconfigurable full-polarization metasurfaces, this work has achieved an exceptionally high degree of freedom in sculpting the scattering waves as desired. Serving as the core computational unit, a hybrid inverse design enables the cloaked vehicle to respond in real-time, with a rapid reaction time of just 70 ms. These experiments integrate the cloaked vehicle with a perception-decision-control-execution system and evaluate its performance under random static positions and dynamic travelling trajectories, achieving a background scattering matching degree of up to 93.3%. These findings establish a general paradigm for the next generation of intelligent meta-devices in real-world settings, potentially paving the way for an era of "Electromagnetic Internet of Things."
保护各种先进电子设备免受电磁探测的一个关键方面涉及控制电磁波的流动,类似于隐形斗篷。几十年前,变换光学的探索预示着现代隐形斗篷的诞生,这在各种物理场景中引发了极大的兴趣。然而,大多数先前的研究都简化为低维静止隐藏物体,限制了它们在动态变化世界中的实际适用性。本研究开发了一种即使在非静止条件下也能保持不可探测的三维大规模智能斗篷。通过采用千级可重构全极化超表面,这项工作在按期望塑造散射波方面实现了极高的自由度。作为核心计算单元,混合逆设计使隐形车辆能够实时响应,反应时间仅为70毫秒。这些实验将隐形车辆与感知-决策-控制-执行系统集成,并在随机静态位置和动态行驶轨迹下评估其性能,实现了高达93.3%的背景散射匹配度。这些发现为现实环境中下一代智能元设备建立了一个通用范式,可能为“电磁物联网”时代铺平道路。