超表面的最新进展：从太赫兹生物传感到微波无线通信

Recent Advances in Metasurfaces: From THz Biosensing to Microwave Wireless Communications.

作者信息

Wang Yue, Zhang Xiang, Wang Yuxiang, Liu Yunfei, Li Jiaxue, Chen Xiangdong, Cui Zijian, Burokur Shah Nawaz, Zhang Jingdi, Zhao Xiaoguang, Zhang Kuang, You Zheng

机构信息

Key Laboratory of Ultrafast Photoelectric and Terahertz Science in Shaanxi, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China.

Department of Microwave Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.

出版信息

Research (Wash D C). 2025 Aug 29;8:0820. doi: 10.34133/research.0820. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.34133/research.0820

PMID:40896398

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12395562/

Abstract

In recent years, important progress has been made in the field of biosensing and wireless communications by using metamaterials and metasurfaces. These technologies enable efficient manipulation of electromagnetic waves through judiciously designed subwavelength structural units. This review begins by focusing on the design and optimization of terahertz metasurface sensors, emphasizing their unique advantages in biomedical diagnostics. It explores key technical challenges, such as material selection, device integration, and development of robust sensor for surface-specific modifications. Furthermore, the review discusses how metasurfaces, particularly as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, dynamically modulate electromagnetic wave propagation in the microwave communications domain to enhance signal quality, improve communication efficiency, and showcase their potential in 5G and future 6G technologies. Finally, a comprehensive overview is provided regarding the challenges and future research directions for metamaterial and metasurface technologies in both biosensing and wireless communications, with the ultimate goal of promoting their applications in point-of-care devices and efficient communication systems.

摘要

近年来，通过使用超材料和超表面，生物传感和无线通信领域取得了重要进展。这些技术通过精心设计的亚波长结构单元实现了对电磁波的有效操控。本综述首先聚焦于太赫兹超表面传感器的设计与优化，强调其在生物医学诊断中的独特优势。探讨了关键技术挑战，如材料选择、器件集成以及开发用于表面特异性修饰的稳健传感器。此外，本综述还讨论了超表面，特别是作为可重构智能表面，如何在微波通信领域动态调制电磁波传播，以提高信号质量、提升通信效率，并展示其在5G和未来6G技术中的潜力。最后，对超材料和超表面技术在生物传感和无线通信中的挑战及未来研究方向进行了全面概述，其最终目标是推动它们在即时检测设备和高效通信系统中的应用。