Department of Cardiology, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
J Intern Med. 2024 Aug;296(2):156-167. doi: 10.1111/joim.13808. Epub 2024 May 27.
To estimate the contemporary trend in the prevalence of sarcopenia and evaluate its risk factors and the longitudinal associations with multiple chronic conditions and mortality among Chinese middle-aged and older adults.
This was a nationwide, prospective cohort study using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. The definition of sarcopenia was based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 algorithm. In the cross-sectional analysis, we estimated the trend in the weighted prevalence of sarcopenia from 2011 to 2015 and examined the associated risk factors for sarcopenia severity in 2011. In the longitudinal analysis, we assessed the longitudinal associations between sarcopenia and 14 chronic conditions and mortality during a 9-year follow-up.
The weighted prevalence of sarcopenia remained consistently high in the overall population from 2011 (15.9%, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 15.1, 16.6) to 2015 (15.0%, 95% CI: 14.3, 15.6; p for trend = 0.075). A range of risk factors were independently associated with the severity of sarcopenia, including older age, female sex, lower socioeconomic status, smoking status, malnutrition, and several chronic conditions. Possible sarcopenic and sarcopenic individuals had higher odds of several chronic conditions (i.e., heart disease, chronic lung disease, and memory-related disease) and increased risks of mortality (possible sarcopenia: odds ratios (OR): 1.66, 95% CI: 1.37, 2.00; sarcopenia: OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.36, 2.11) in 9 years of follow-up.
The prevalence of sarcopenia remained consistently high in the investigated population. Various risk factors were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of sarcopenia. Sarcopenic individuals had higher odds of several chronic conditions and increased risks of mortality, highlighting that the urgent need for dedicated efforts to improve the management of sarcopenic patients.
评估中国中老年人群中肌少症的现患率趋势，并分析其危险因素，以及肌少症与多种慢性疾病及死亡率之间的纵向关联。
本研究采用中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）的数据，进行了一项全国性的前瞻性队列研究。肌少症的定义基于亚洲肌少症工作组 2019 年的算法。在横断面分析中，我们估计了 2011 年至 2015 年肌少症的加权现患率趋势，并在 2011 年分析了肌少症严重程度的相关危险因素。在纵向分析中，我们评估了 9 年随访期间肌少症与 14 种慢性疾病及死亡率之间的纵向关联。
2011 年（15.9%，95%置信区间[CI]：15.1，16.6）至 2015 年（15.0%，95% CI：14.3，15.6；趋势 p 值=0.075），肌少症的加权现患率在总体人群中一直保持较高水平。一系列危险因素与肌少症的严重程度独立相关，包括年龄较大、女性、较低的社会经济地位、吸烟状况、营养不良和多种慢性疾病。可能的肌少症和肌少症患者发生多种慢性疾病（如心脏病、慢性肺部疾病和记忆相关疾病）的几率更高，死亡率风险也更高（可能的肌少症：比值比[OR]：1.66，95% CI：1.37，2.00；肌少症：OR：1.69，95% CI：1.36，2.11）。
在所研究的人群中，肌少症的现患率一直保持较高水平。各种危险因素与肌少症的高发生率显著相关。肌少症患者发生多种慢性疾病和死亡率风险增加的几率更高，这突显了迫切需要努力改善肌少症患者的管理。
