Eldridge B F, Washino R K, Henneberger D
Department of Entomology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331.
J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1985 Mar;1(1):69-75.
Studies were conducted in mountainous areas of California and Oregon to test the effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis serotype H-14 in controlling larvae of snow pool Aedes mosquitoes, and also the effect of such larval control on the density of adult mosquitoes. California and Oregon studies showed that a wettable powder formulation of B.t.i. was effective in controlling mosquito larvae. In Oregon, treatment was effective even at water temperatures as low as 5 degrees C. Sampling of adult mosquitoes at campgrounds where intensive larval control was done failed to demonstrate a lowering of adult mosquito density in comparison with untreated control areas. Flight range studies showed that snow pool Aedes species can fly distances of up to 2 km, suggesting that infiltration from outside the treated area was one cause of failure. Inadequate seasonal timing appeared to be an additional factor. Using a simple computer model, we estimated that larval mosquito control with B.t.i. could be done for about $5,000 per season for a 500 ha area similar to our test area, a cost of $10 per ha ($4 per acre).
研究在加利福尼亚州和俄勒冈州的山区开展，以测试苏云金芽孢杆菌血清型H - 14在控制雪池伊蚊幼虫方面的有效性，以及这种幼虫控制对成蚊密度的影响。加利福尼亚州和俄勒冈州的研究表明，以色列亚种苏云金芽孢杆菌的可湿性粉剂配方在控制蚊虫幼虫方面是有效的。在俄勒冈州，即使水温低至5摄氏度，处理也是有效的。在进行了密集幼虫控制的露营地对成蚊进行采样，结果未能证明与未处理的对照区域相比，成蚊密度有所降低。飞行范围研究表明，雪池伊蚊种类能够飞行高达2公里的距离，这表明来自处理区域外的迁入是失败的一个原因。季节性时机不当似乎是另一个因素。使用一个简单的计算机模型，我们估计，对于一个与我们的测试区域类似的500公顷面积，用以色列亚种苏云金芽孢杆菌进行幼虫蚊虫控制，每个季节的成本约为5000美元，即每公顷10美元（每英亩4美元）。
