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本文引用的文献

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Facilitating Next-Generation Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Clinical Trials Using HIV Recent Infection Assays: A Consensus Statement from the Forum HIV Prevention Trial Design Project.利用 HIV 近期感染检测促进下一代暴露前预防临床试验：来自论坛 HIV 预防试验设计项目的共识声明。
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Jul;114(1):29-40. doi: 10.1002/cpt.2830. Epub 2023 Jan 5.
2
Sample size calculation for active-arm trial with counterfactual incidence based on recency assay.基于近期分析的具有反事实发病率的活性臂试验的样本量计算。
Stat Commun Infect Dis. 2021 Nov 10;13(1):20200009. doi: 10.1515/scid-2020-0009. eCollection 2021 Jan 1.
3
Statistical considerations for cross-sectional HIV incidence estimation based on recency test.基于近期检测的横断面 HIV 发病率估计的统计考虑因素。
Stat Med. 2022 Apr 15;41(8):1446-1461. doi: 10.1002/sim.9296. Epub 2022 Jan 4.
4
Evaluation of multi-assay algorithms for identifying individuals with recent HIV infection: HPTN 071 (PopART).评估用于识别近期 HIV 感染者的多分析算法：HPTN 071（PopART）。
PLoS One. 2021 Dec 17;16(12):e0258644. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258644. eCollection 2021.
5
Validation of population-level HIV-1 incidence estimation by cross-sectional incidence assays in the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial.通过 HPTN 071（PopART）试验中的横断面发病率检测对人群 HIV-1 发病率估计进行验证。
J Int AIDS Soc. 2021 Dec;24(12):e25830. doi: 10.1002/jia2.25830.
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Cabotegravir for HIV Prevention in Cisgender Men and Transgender Women.卡博特韦用于预防顺性别男性和跨性别女性中的 HIV。
N Engl J Med. 2021 Aug 12;385(7):595-608. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2101016.
7
Effect of Universal Testing and Treatment on HIV Incidence - HPTN 071 (PopART).普遍检测和治疗对艾滋病毒发病率的影响 - HPTN 071（PopART）。
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8
Global and regional molecular epidemiology of HIV-1, 1990-2015: a systematic review, global survey, and trend analysis.全球和区域 1990-2015 年 HIV-1 的分子流行病学：系统评价、全球调查和趋势分析。
Lancet Infect Dis. 2019 Feb;19(2):143-155. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30647-9. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
9
Identification and validation of a multi-assay algorithm for cross-sectional HIV incidence estimation in populations with subtype C infection.鉴定和验证一种适用于 C 亚型感染人群的横断面 HIV 发病率估计的多检测算法。
J Int AIDS Soc. 2018 Feb;21(2). doi: 10.1002/jia2.25082.
10
Determinants of time from HIV infection to linkage-to-care in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省农村地区从感染艾滋病毒到获得治疗衔接的时间决定因素。
AIDS. 2017 Apr 24;31(7):1017-1024. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001435.

一种纳入既往HIV检测结果的改进型横断面HIV发病率估计方法。

An enhanced cross-sectional HIV incidence estimator that incorporates prior HIV test results.

作者信息

Bannick Marlena, Donnell Deborah, Hayes Richard, Laeyendecker Oliver, Gao Fei

机构信息

Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Epidemiology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

出版信息

Stat Med. 2024 Jul 30;43(17):3125-3139. doi: 10.1002/sim.10112. Epub 2024 May 27.

DOI:10.1002/sim.10112
PMID:38803064
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11418637/
Abstract

Incidence estimation of HIV infection can be performed using recent infection testing algorithm (RITA) results from a cross-sectional sample. This allows practitioners to understand population trends in the HIV epidemic without having to perform longitudinal follow-up on a cohort of individuals. The utility of the approach is limited by its precision, driven by the (low) sensitivity of the RITA at identifying recent infection. By utilizing results of previous HIV tests that individuals may have taken, we consider an enhanced RITA with increased sensitivity (and specificity). We use it to propose an enhanced estimator for incidence estimation. We prove the theoretical properties of the enhanced estimator and illustrate its numerical performance in simulation studies. We apply the estimator to data from a cluster-randomized trial to study the effect of community-level HIV interventions on HIV incidence. We demonstrate that the enhanced estimator provides a more precise estimate of HIV incidence compared to the standard estimator.

摘要

可使用横断面样本的近期感染检测算法（RITA）结果来估计HIV感染的发病率。这使从业者能够了解HIV流行的人群趋势，而无需对一组个体进行纵向随访。该方法的效用受到其精度的限制，这是由RITA在识别近期感染方面的（低）敏感性所驱动的。通过利用个体可能之前进行过的HIV检测结果，我们考虑一种具有更高敏感性（和特异性）的增强型RITA。我们用它来提出一种用于发病率估计的增强型估计器。我们证明了增强型估计器的理论性质，并在模拟研究中说明了其数值性能。我们将该估计器应用于一项整群随机试验的数据，以研究社区层面的HIV干预措施对HIV发病率的影响。我们证明，与标准估计器相比，增强型估计器能更精确地估计HIV发病率。