State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
Poult Sci. 2024 Jul;103(7):103851. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103851. Epub 2024 May 15.
Bone plays a crucial role in poultry's health and production. However, during the selection and cage farming, there has been a decline in bone quality. As the development of breeding theory, researchers find that it's possible to enhance bone quality through selective breeding.This study measure 8 humerus quality in 260 samples of the 350-day-old female duck. By descripting the basic characteristic traits, mechanical property traits we found that all the bone quality traits had a large variable coefficient, especially mechanical properties trait (20-70%), indicating that there was a large difference in bone health status among laying ducks. The phenotypic correlations showed a high correlation between weight and density, diameter and perimeter, breaking and toughness (r = 0.52-0.68). And then, we performed the Genome-wide association study (GWAS) to reveal the candidate genes of humerus quality in ducks. Seven candidate protein-coding genes were identified with perimeter trait, and 52 protein-coding genes were associated with toughness trait. We also analysed the candidate region and performed KEGG and GO analyse for 75 candidate genes. Furthermore, the expression analyse of the above candidate genes in different stage of humerus and different tissues were performed. Finally, AP2A2, SMAD3, SMNDC1, NFIA, EPHB2, PMEPA1, UNC5C, ESR1, VAV3, NFATC2 deserve further focus. The obtained results can contribute to new insight into bone quality and provide new genetic biomarkers for application in duck breeding programs.
骨骼在禽类的健康和生产中起着至关重要的作用。然而，在选择和笼养过程中，骨骼质量有所下降。随着育种理论的发展，研究人员发现通过选择性育种提高骨骼质量是可能的。
本研究在 350 日龄雌性鸭中测量了 260 个样本的 8 个肱骨质量。通过描述基本特征性状、力学性能性状，我们发现所有的骨骼质量性状都具有较大的变异系数，特别是力学性能性状（20-70%），表明产蛋鸭的骨骼健康状况存在较大差异。表型相关性显示，重量与密度、直径与周长、断裂与韧性之间存在高度相关性（r = 0.52-0.68）。然后，我们进行了全基因组关联研究（GWAS），以揭示鸭子肱骨质量的候选基因。在外周性状中鉴定出 7 个候选蛋白编码基因，在韧性性状中鉴定出 52 个候选蛋白编码基因。我们还分析了候选区域，并对 75 个候选基因进行了 KEGG 和 GO 分析。此外，对不同阶段肱骨和不同组织中的上述候选基因进行了表达分析。最后，AP2A2、SMAD3、SMNDC1、NFIA、EPHB2、PMEPA1、UNC5C、ESR1、VAV3、NFATC2值得进一步关注。研究结果可为骨骼质量提供新的见解，并为鸭的育种计划提供新的遗传生物标志物。
