Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India.
Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Jun;271(Pt 2):132688. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132688. Epub 2024 May 27.
Gums are high-molecular-weight compounds with hydrophobic or hydrophilic characteristics, which are mainly comprised of complex carbohydrates called polysaccharides, often associated with proteins and minerals. Various innovative modification techniques are utilized, including ultrasound-assisted and microwave-assisted techniques, enzymatic alterations, electrospinning, irradiation, and amalgamation process. These methods advance the process, reducing processing times and energy consumption while maintaining the quality of the modified gums. Enzymes like xanthan lyases, xanthanase, and cellulase can selectively modify exudate gums, altering their structure to enhance their properties. This precise enzymatic approach allows for the use of exudate gums for specific applications. Exudate gums have been employed in nanotechnology applications through techniques like electrospinning. This enables the production of nanoparticles and nanofibers with improved properties, making them suitable for the drug delivery system, tissue engineering, active and intelligient food packaging. The resulting modified exudate gums exhibit improved rheological, emulsifying, gelling, and other functional properties, which expand their potential applications. This paper discusses novel applications of these modified gums in the pharmaceutical, food, and industrial sectors. The ever-evolving field presents diverse opportunities for sustainable innovation across these sectors.
胶是具有疏水性或亲水性特征的高分子化合物，主要由称为多糖的复杂碳水化合物组成，通常与蛋白质和矿物质有关。各种创新的改性技术被利用，包括超声辅助和微波辅助技术、酶改性、电纺丝、辐射和汞齐化工艺。这些方法推进了这一过程，减少了加工时间和能源消耗，同时保持了改性胶的质量。像黄原胶裂解酶、黄原胶酶和纤维素酶这样的酶可以选择性地修饰渗出胶，改变其结构以增强其性能。这种精确的酶法方法允许渗出胶用于特定的应用。渗出胶已经通过电纺丝等技术应用于纳米技术领域。这使得生产具有改进性能的纳米颗粒和纳米纤维成为可能，使其适用于药物传递系统、组织工程、活性和智能食品包装。改性渗出胶表现出改进的流变学、乳化、胶凝和其他功能性质，从而扩大了它们的潜在应用。本文讨论了这些改性胶在制药、食品和工业领域的新应用。不断发展的领域为这些领域的可持续创新提供了多样化的机会。
