Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2024 May 28;150(5):282. doi: 10.1007/s00432-024-05802-6.
Malignant mesothelioma, a rare and aggressive cancer primarily caused by occupational asbestos exposure, has a poor prognosis. This study leverages the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 dataset to analyze the burden of mesothelioma linked to occupational asbestos exposure from 1990 to 2019. The analysis includes the number of mesothelioma deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to occupational asbestos exposure, focusing on trends in age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year rate (ASDR) by year, age, sex, country, region, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI). In 2019, 91.7% of mesothelioma deaths and 85.2% of DALYs were attributable to occupational asbestos exposure, resulting in 26,820 (95% UI 24,312-28,622) deaths and 569,429 (95% UI 509,956-617,484) DALYs. Despite a decline in ASMR and ASDR from 1990 to 2019, the absolute number of deaths and DALYs almost doubled. The United States reported the highest number of mesothelioma deaths, while China had the highest number of DALYs. Age-specific mortality rates and DALYs decreased in the 25-74 age group but increased in the 75+ age group. In conclusion, occupational asbestos exposure remains the primary cause of mesothelioma worldwide, with an increasing number of deaths and DALYs. The highest incidence rates are observed in high-income areas, and rates are rising in low-income areas. It is crucial to raise awareness about the hazards of asbestos to reduce the global burden of mesothelioma linked to occupational exposure.
恶性间皮瘤是一种罕见且侵袭性强的癌症，主要由职业性石棉暴露引起，预后较差。本研究利用 2019 年全球疾病负担（GBD）数据集，分析了 1990 年至 2019 年与职业性石棉暴露相关的间皮瘤负担。分析包括归因于职业性石棉暴露的间皮瘤死亡人数和伤残调整生命年（DALY），重点关注按年龄标准化死亡率（ASMR）和按年龄标准化伤残调整生命年率（ASDR）的趋势，按年份、年龄、性别、国家、地区和社会人口指数（SDI）进行分层。2019 年，91.7%的间皮瘤死亡和 85.2%的 DALY 归因于职业性石棉暴露，导致 26820 例（95%UI 24312-28622）死亡和 569429 例（95%UI 509956-617484）DALY。尽管 1990 年至 2019 年 ASMR 和 ASDR 有所下降，但死亡人数和 DALY 的绝对值几乎翻了一番。美国报告的间皮瘤死亡人数最多，而中国的 DALY 人数最多。特定年龄组的死亡率和 DALY 在 25-74 岁年龄组下降，但在 75 岁以上年龄组上升。总之，职业性石棉暴露仍然是全球间皮瘤的主要原因，死亡人数和 DALY 呈上升趋势。高收入地区的发病率最高，低收入地区的发病率呈上升趋势。提高对石棉危害的认识对于减轻与职业暴露相关的全球间皮瘤负担至关重要。
