*Masoumah Qaw, BDS, MSD, Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, PO. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
Laila Al Dehailan, BDS, MSD, PhD, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
Oper Dent. 2024 May 1;49(3):345-352. doi: 10.2341/23-022-L.
he aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of some bottled waters on fluoride toothpaste efficacy in enhancing caries lesion remineralization.
Early caries lesions were created in bovine enamel specimens and stratified into treatment groups based on Vickers surface microhardness (VHN). The present study followed a two (fluoride and fluoride-free toothpaste) by five (four bottled waters and tap water) factorial design. The treatment groups were bottled water with the following attributes: (a) 309.9 ppm Ca/1.20 ppm F; (b) 118.4 ppm Ca/0.16 ppm F; (c) 1.00 ppm Ca/1.01 ppm F; and (d) 0.1 ppm Ca/0.04 ppm F and tap water (48.7 ppm Ca/0.7 ppm F). The five water groups were paired either with 1100 ppm fluoride or fluoride-free toothpaste, yielding 10 groups. Specimens were pH-cycled for 10 days with the daily regimen comprised of twice daily toothpaste slurry, with four exposures to water in between. VHN was measured again and the difference was calculated (ΔVHN). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA at a 5% significance level.
The two-way interaction between water and toothpaste was significant (p<0.001). All groups except fluoride-free toothpaste/bottled water with 0.1 ppm Ca/0.04 ppm F (p=0.411) had significant increases in VHN after pH cycling (p≤0.023). Fluoridated toothpaste resulted in a higher rate of remineralization compared to fluoride-free toothpaste (all p<0.001). Bottled water with 1.20 ppm F/309.9 ppm Ca exhibited the greatest extent of remineralization within fluoride toothpaste groups (p<0.001) and higher remineralization than lower fluoride water in fluoride-free toothpaste groups (p≤0.006). Within the fluoridated toothpaste group, tap water exhibited significantly less remineralization than all bottled waters (all p<0.001).
Within the limitation of this study, bottled water with higher fluoride and calcium concentrations might improve fluoridated toothpaste efficacy by enhancing remineralization of early enamel caries-like lesions.
本体外研究旨在评估一些瓶装水对含氟牙膏增强龋齿病变再矿化效果的影响。
在牛牙釉质标本上制作早期龋齿病变，并根据维氏表面显微硬度（VHN）将其分层为治疗组。本研究采用氟化物和无氟牙膏的双（氟化物和无氟牙膏）乘以五（四种瓶装水和自来水）的析因设计。治疗组为具有以下属性的瓶装水：（a）309.9 ppm Ca/1.20 ppm F；（b）118.4 ppm Ca/0.16 ppm F；（c）1.00 ppm Ca/1.01 ppm F；（d）0.1 ppm Ca/0.04 ppm F 和自来水（48.7 ppm Ca/0.7 ppm F）。将这五个水组与 1100 ppm 氟化物或无氟牙膏配对，产生 10 个组。标本用 pH 循环处理 10 天，每日方案包括两次每日牙膏糊剂，中间有四次水暴露。再次测量 VHN 并计算差值（ΔVHN）。数据采用双因素方差分析在 5%显着性水平上进行分析。
水和牙膏之间的双向相互作用具有统计学意义（p<0.001）。除无氟牙膏/瓶装水 0.1 ppm Ca/0.04 ppm F 组外（p=0.411），所有组在 pH 循环后 VHN 均有显着增加（p≤0.023）。含氟牙膏的再矿化率高于无氟牙膏（均 p<0.001）。含氟牙膏组中，1.20 ppm F/309.9 ppm Ca 瓶装水的再矿化程度最高（p<0.001），且在无氟牙膏组中高于低氟水（p≤0.006）。在含氟牙膏组中，自来水的再矿化程度明显低于所有瓶装水（均 p<0.001）。
在本研究的限制范围内，高氟和高钙浓度的瓶装水可能通过增强早期牙釉质龋样病变的再矿化来提高含氟牙膏的功效。
