Silverman N H, Golbus M S
J Am Coll Cardiol. 1985 Jan;5(1 Suppl):20S-29S. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(85)80140-6.
Diagnostic quality images of the fetal heart in utero can be obtained as early as 18 to 20 weeks of gestation. The cardiac structures can be imaged primarily by cross-sectional echocardiography and augmented by a combination of simultaneous M-mode echocardiography and range-gated pulsed Doppler ultrasonography. Cross-sectional images from planes through the fetal heart equivalent to planes that can be obtained after birth can be generated in utero. In a study of 168 pregnancies, 10 structural cardiac abnormalities have been defined. These abnormalities and others that have been reported indicate the potential for in utero cardiac diagnosis. The recognition of structural congenital heart disease in utero has been helpful in genetic counseling, planning the method of labor and delivery and making decisions regarding termination of pregnancy and planning postnatal care. Fetal echocardiography offers the potential to change the pattern of health care delivery to those with suspected congenital heart disease.
早在妊娠18至20周时就能获得子宫内胎儿心脏的诊断质量图像。心脏结构主要可通过横断面超声心动图成像，并结合同步M型超声心动图和距离选通脉冲多普勒超声检查来增强成像效果。在子宫内可以生成与出生后所能获得的平面相当的、穿过胎儿心脏各平面的横断面图像。在一项对168例妊娠的研究中，已确定了10种心脏结构异常。这些异常及其他已报告的异常表明了子宫内心脏诊断的潜力。子宫内对结构性先天性心脏病的识别有助于进行遗传咨询、规划分娩方式、就终止妊娠和规划产后护理做出决策。胎儿超声心动图有可能改变对疑似先天性心脏病患者的医疗保健模式。
