Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Food Funct. 2024 Jun 17;15(12):6597-6609. doi: 10.1039/d3fo05120j.
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) during pregnancy can lead to complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertensive disorders. In this study, we sought to examine the influence of dietary fiber, from both food sources and soluble fiber supplementation, on the metabolic health and overall pregnancy outcomes of women at high risk of MetS. We conducted a randomized controlled trial involving 376 women between 11 and 13 weeks of gestation. To evaluate dietary fiber intake, we performed an exhaustive dietary component analysis using a food frequency questionnaire. Additionally, the participants in the intervention group received daily soluble fiber supplements until delivery. All participants underwent nutritional consultations and metabolic health assessments at three distinct stages of pregnancy (GW 11-13, GW 24-26, and GW 32-34). Our findings revealed a significant correlation between insufficient dietary fiber intake and an increased risk of GDM, even after adjusting for variables such as maternal age and pre-pregnancy BMI. We also noted that a high total dietary fiber intake was associated with reduced changes in triglyceride levels. In addition, the intervention group showed lower need for constipation medication, and soluble fiber supplementation may offer potential benefits for GDM patients. Importantly, our study verified the safety of long-term soluble fiber supplementation during pregnancy. Our results underscore the importance of adequate fiber intake, particularly from dietary sources, for the metabolic health of pregnant women. Moreover, our findings suggest that early fiber supplementation may benefit pregnant women experiencing constipation or those diagnosed with GDM.
妊娠期代谢综合征（MetS）可导致妊娠糖尿病（GDM）和高血压疾病等并发症。本研究旨在探讨膳食纤维（来自食物来源和可溶性膳食纤维补充剂）对代谢健康和代谢综合征高危孕妇整体妊娠结局的影响。我们进行了一项随机对照试验，纳入了 376 名 11-13 孕周的孕妇。为了评估膳食纤维的摄入量，我们使用食物频率问卷进行了详尽的膳食成分分析。此外，干预组的参与者在整个孕期接受每日可溶性膳食纤维补充剂，直至分娩。所有参与者在三个不同的妊娠阶段（11-13 孕周、24-26 孕周和 32-34 孕周）接受营养咨询和代谢健康评估。我们的研究结果表明，膳食纤维摄入量不足与 GDM 风险增加之间存在显著相关性，即使在调整了母体年龄和孕前 BMI 等变量后也是如此。我们还注意到，高总膳食纤维摄入量与甘油三酯水平变化减少相关。此外，干预组需要使用便秘药物的情况较少，可溶性膳食纤维补充剂可能对 GDM 患者有益。重要的是，我们的研究验证了孕期长期补充可溶性膳食纤维的安全性。我们的研究结果强调了孕妇摄入足够膳食纤维的重要性，尤其是通过饮食摄入膳食纤维。此外，我们的研究结果表明，早期补充膳食纤维可能有益于便秘孕妇或诊断为 GDM 的孕妇。
