Wang Sheng-Min, Kang Dong Woo, Um Yoo Hyun, Kim Sunghwan, Lee Soyoung, Lee Chang Uk, Lim Hyun Kook
Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Psychiatry Investig. 2024 May;21(5):449-456. doi: 10.30773/pi.2023.0308. Epub 2024 May 23.
The rising prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has spurred interest in innovative cognitive rehabilitation approaches, including serious games. This review summarizes randomized clinical trials (RCTs) exploring the impact of serious games on MCI patients.
We conducted a comprehensive data search using key terms such as "gamification," "digital therapy," "cognition," "mild cognitive impairment," and "Alzheimer's disease." We exclusively considered published RCTs, excluding animal studies and basic research.
We identified eight RCTs. Four RCTs examined the effects of serious games using cognitive training for MCI patients. Notably, one study found that non-specific training (Nintendo Wii) significantly enhanced cognitive function and quality of life compared to cognition-specific computer training (CoTras). Among the remaining three RCTs, one specifically demonstrated that personalized serious game-based cognitive training yielded superior cognitive outcomes and reduced depressive symptoms. One RCT focused on serious games incorporating physical exercise, highlighting the effectiveness of kinetic-based exergaming in enhancing overall cognition. Three RCT focused on combined cognitive training and physical exercise. A double-blind RCT revealed that progressive resistance training or standalone physical exercise outperformed the combined approach in improving executive function and global cognition. Two additional RCTs reported positive outcomes, including improvements in cognitive function and electroencephalogram patterns associated with game-based interventions.
Serious games, whether focusing on cognitive training, physical exercise, or a combination of both, have potential to improve cognitive and functional outcomes in individuals with MCI. Further research and standardization of protocols are needed to better understand the full potential of serious games in MCI.
轻度认知障碍（MCI）患病率的上升激发了人们对创新认知康复方法的兴趣，其中包括严肃游戏。本综述总结了探索严肃游戏对MCI患者影响的随机临床试验（RCT）。
我们使用“游戏化”“数字疗法”“认知”“轻度认知障碍”和“阿尔茨海默病”等关键词进行了全面的数据搜索。我们只考虑已发表的RCT，排除动物研究和基础研究。
我们确定了八项RCT。四项RCT研究了使用认知训练的严肃游戏对MCI患者的影响。值得注意的是，一项研究发现，与特定认知计算机训练（CoTras）相比，非特定训练（任天堂Wii）显著增强了认知功能和生活质量。在其余三项RCT中，一项特别表明基于个性化严肃游戏的认知训练产生了更好的认知结果并减轻了抑郁症状。一项RCT关注结合体育锻炼的严肃游戏，强调基于运动的电子游戏在增强整体认知方面的有效性。三项RCT关注认知训练与体育锻炼相结合。一项双盲RCT显示，渐进性抗阻训练或单独的体育锻炼在改善执行功能和整体认知方面优于联合方法。另外两项RCT报告了积极结果，包括与基于游戏的干预相关的认知功能和脑电图模式的改善。
严肃游戏，无论是专注于认知训练、体育锻炼还是两者结合，都有可能改善MCI患者的认知和功能结果。需要进一步的研究和方案标准化，以更好地了解严肃游戏在MCI中的全部潜力。
