Khaghani Armin, Kasiri Karamali, Heidari-Soureshjani Saeid, Sherwin Catherine M T, Mardani-Nafchi Hossein
Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Pediatrics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2024;24(14):1029-1037. doi: 10.2174/0118715206292712240522043350.
Esophageal cancer is a malignant tumor with a low survival rate. Statins, commonly prescribed for their lipid-lowering effects, have been suggested to possess potential chemopreventive properties against various cancers, including esophageal cancer.
This systematic review studied the association between statin intake and esophageal cancer.
To conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis, we reviewed studies published between 1980 and June 2023 in Web of Science (WOS), Embase, MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases according to the PRISMA guidelines. Data extraction, quality assessment, and statistical analyses were performed using predefined protocols. We used various statistical tests conducted by Stata statistical software. Statistical significance was considered significant at p < 0.05.
Twenty-one studies were collected and analyzed. The meta-analysis demonstrated that the odds ratio (OR) of esophageal cancer in patients treated with statins was 0.65 (95% CI: 0.57-0.75, p < 0.001) compared to the non-receiving group. The ORs for case-control and cohort studies were 0.67 (95% CI:0.54-0.83, p < 0.001) and 0.62 (95% CI:0.55-0.71, p < 0.001), respectively. The investigation into the relationship between the statins intake and the incidence of esophageal cancer did not reveal any indication of publication bias according to both Begg's test (p = 0.966) and Egger's test (p = 0.113).
The results revealed that the odds of esophageal cancer in patients treated with statins decreased by 35% compared to patients not treated with statins. However, further well-designed prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and understand the underlying mechanisms of statins in preventing esophageal cancer.
食管癌是一种生存率较低的恶性肿瘤。他汀类药物通常因其降脂作用而被处方使用，有人认为其具有针对包括食管癌在内的各种癌症的潜在化学预防特性。
本系统评价研究了他汀类药物摄入与食管癌之间的关联。
为进行本系统评价和荟萃分析，我们根据PRISMA指南，检索了1980年至2023年6月期间发表在Web of Science（WOS）、Embase、MEDLINE/PubMed、Scopus和Cochrane图书馆数据库中的研究。使用预定义方案进行数据提取、质量评估和统计分析。我们使用Stata统计软件进行了各种统计检验。统计学显著性以p < 0.05为有统计学意义。
收集并分析了21项研究。荟萃分析表明，与未接受他汀类药物治疗的组相比，接受他汀类药物治疗的患者患食管癌的比值比（OR）为0.65（95%置信区间：0.57 - 0.75，p < 0.001）。病例对照研究和队列研究的OR分别为0.67（95%置信区间：0.54 - 0.83，p < 0.001）和0.62（95%置信区间：0.55 - 0.71，p < 0.001）。根据Begg检验（p = 0.966）和Egger检验（p = 0.113），对他汀类药物摄入与食管癌发病率之间关系的调查未发现任何发表偏倚迹象。
结果显示，与未接受他汀类药物治疗的患者相比，接受他汀类药物治疗的患者患食管癌的几率降低了35%。然而，需要进一步设计良好的前瞻性研究来验证这些发现，并了解他汀类药物预防食管癌的潜在机制。
