Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangdong Engineering Research Centre for Modern Eco-Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
Nujiang Green Spice Industry Research Institute, Lushui, China.
J Fish Biol. 2024 Sep;105(3):649-662. doi: 10.1111/jfb.15809. Epub 2024 May 30.
Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemarie (Zingiberaceae), an aromatic plant, has been considered to have diverse medicinal values and economic significance. It has been reported to possess antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic effects. With the increasing risk of diseases in aquaculture, there is a need for alternative solutions to chemical antibiotics. Plant extracts have shown promise as natural feed additives for aquatic animals. In this study, the antibacterial effect of Amomum tsao-ko crude extracts was evaluated using the Oxford cup method. The extracts exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis. Furthermore, the addition of Amomum tsao-ko to fish feed resulted in notable changes in the gut structure of zebrafish and tilapia. The length and morphology of intestinal villi were enhanced, promoting improved digestion. Analysis of the gut microbial community revealed that Amomum tsao-ko supplementation induced key changes in the gut microbial community composition of both zebrafish and tilapia. Notably, a 1% inclusion of Amomum tsao-ko resulted in a marked rise in Proteobacteria levels in zebrafish, which diminished at 10% dosage. The supplement elicited mixed reactions among other bacterial phyla like Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobiota. Fluctuations were also observed at the genus level, pointing to the concentration of Amomum tsao-ko playing a pivotal role in influencing the structure of intestinal bacteria. The findings of this study suggest that Amomum tsao-ko has antibacterial properties and can positively influence the gut health of fish. The potential use of Amomum tsao-ko as a natural feed additive holds promise for improving aquaculture practices and reducing reliance on chemical antibiotics. Further research is needed to explore the full potential and applications of Amomum tsao-ko in fish feed development.
草果（Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemarie），一种香料植物，被认为具有多种药用价值和经济意义。据报道，它具有抗菌、抗氧化和抗糖尿病的作用。随着水产养殖疾病风险的增加，需要寻找替代化学抗生素的方法。植物提取物已被证明是水生动物天然饲料添加剂的有前途的选择。在这项研究中，采用牛津杯法评估了草果粗提取物的抗菌作用。提取物对肠炎沙门氏菌和肠炎沙门氏菌表现出显著的抗菌活性。此外，将草果添加到鱼饲料中导致斑马鱼和罗非鱼肠道结构发生明显变化。肠绒毛的长度和形态得到增强，促进了消化。对肠道微生物群落的分析表明，草果补充剂诱导了斑马鱼和罗非鱼肠道微生物群落组成的关键变化。值得注意的是，1%的草果添加量使斑马鱼中的变形菌门水平显著升高，而 10%的草果添加量则降低了其水平。该补充剂在其他细菌门（如放线菌门和疣微菌门）中引起了混合反应。在属水平上也观察到波动，表明草果的浓度在影响肠道细菌结构方面起着关键作用。本研究结果表明，草果具有抗菌特性，并能积极影响鱼类的肠道健康。草果作为天然饲料添加剂的潜在用途有望改善水产养殖实践并减少对化学抗生素的依赖。需要进一步研究以探索草果在鱼类饲料开发中的全部潜力和应用。
