Dravid Ameya A, Singh Ankur, García Andrés J
Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2025 Feb;14(5):e2400586. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202400586. Epub 2024 Jun 5.
Immune cell therapy (ICT) is a transformative approach used to treat a wide range of diseases including type 1 diabetes, sickle cell disease, disorders of the hematopoietic system, and certain forms of cancers. Despite excellent clinical successes, the scope of adoptively transferred immune cells is limited because of toxicities like cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity in patients. Furthermore, reports suggest that such treatment can impact major organ systems including cardiac, renal, pulmonary, and hepatic systems in the long term. Additionally, adoptively transferred immune cells cannot achieve significant penetration into solid tissues, thus limiting their therapeutic potential. Recent studies suggest that biomaterial-assisted delivery of immune cells can address these challenges by reducing toxicity, improving localization, and maintaining desired phenotypes to eventually regain tissue function. In this review, recent efforts in the field of biomaterial-based immune cell delivery for the treatment of diseases, their pros and cons, and where these approaches stand in terms of clinical treatment are highlighted.
免疫细胞疗法（ICT）是一种变革性的治疗方法，用于治疗多种疾病，包括1型糖尿病、镰状细胞病、造血系统疾病以及某些形式的癌症。尽管在临床治疗上取得了显著成功，但过继性转移免疫细胞的应用范围有限，因为患者会出现细胞因子释放综合征和免疫效应细胞相关神经毒性等毒性反应。此外，有报道表明，这种治疗长期来看会影响包括心脏、肾脏、肺和肝脏系统在内的主要器官系统。另外，过继性转移免疫细胞无法有效渗透到实体组织中，从而限制了它们的治疗潜力。最近的研究表明，生物材料辅助递送免疫细胞可以通过降低毒性、改善定位和维持所需表型来最终恢复组织功能，从而应对这些挑战。在这篇综述中，重点介绍了基于生物材料的免疫细胞递送领域在疾病治疗方面的最新进展、它们的优缺点以及这些方法在临床治疗中的地位。
